Cross-protection. Hamsters were vaccinated with the indicated plasmid [pWRG/SEO-M, pWRG/HTN-M(x), or a negative control], and then challenged with the indicated virus. The negative control hamsters in panels A, B, and C were vaccinated with a pWRG7077-based plasmid; the negative control hamsters in panels D and E remained unvaccinated. Pre- and postchallenge serum samples were tested for anti-N antibodies by anti-N ELISA and for neutralizing antibodies by PRNT. PRNT80 titers for homologous virus and PRNT50 titers for heterologous virus were determined. The prechallenge (■) and postchallenge () endpoint antibody titers for each hamster are shown. Prechallenge homologous PRNT80 titers (sorted from highest to lowest, left to right) are shown as lines with symbols (●). The identification code for each hamster is shown on the x axis. The HTNV PRNT and anti-N ELISA data for hamsters 943, 944, 945, and 948 were published previously (11).