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. 2024 Sep 27;15(10):1199. doi: 10.3390/mi15101199

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

The piezoelectric nanogenerator with mechanical upturn frequency for wave energy acquisition. (a) A compact piezoelectric wave energy harvester based on the principle of acceleration-driven mechanism. Reprinted with permission from [31]. (b) A piezoelectric wave energy harvester using plucking-driven and frequency up-conversion mechanism energies. Reprinted with permission from [32]. (c) A one-way plucking-driven piezoelectric wave energy harvester. Reprinted with permission from [33]. (d) A multi-column piezoelectric lamella oscillating floating body wave energy harvesting device. Reprinted with permission from [34]. (e) Enhancement of the piezoelectric cantilever beam performance via vortex-induced vibration. Reprinted with permission from [35]. (f) A piezoelectric wave-energy converter equipped with a geared-linkage-based frequency up-conversion mechanism. Reprinted with permission from [36].