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. 2024 Oct 17;17(10):1384. doi: 10.3390/ph17101384

Figure 11.

Figure 11

Modulation of oxidative stress and apoptotic pathways of CIS by quercetin. ROS, reactive oxygen species, and GSH, glutathione; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase; IL, interleukin; Casp–3, caspase 3; Bax, BCL–2-associated X protein; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2; TNF–α, tumor necrosis factor α; NF–κB, nuclear factor κB.