| AEMPS | Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (Spanish Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices) |
| AKI | acute kidney injury |
| AOR | adjusted odds ratio |
| BIFAP | Base de datos para la Investigación Farmacoepidemiológica en el Ámbito Público |
| CI | confidence interval |
| CKD | chronic kidney disease |
| CKD-EPI | chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration |
| CKI | chronic kidney insufficiency |
| COVID-19 | coronavirus disease 2019 |
| eGFR | estimated glomerular filtration rate |
| GLD | glucose-lowering drug |
| GLP-1 RA | glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist |
| IQR | interquartile range |
| KDIGO | kidney disease improving global outcomes |
| OR | odds ratio |
| PAD | peripheral artery disease |
| SGLT-2i | Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors |
| TIA | transient ischemic attack |
| T2DM | type 2 diabetes mellitus |