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. 2024 Sep 28;16(10):1267. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16101267

Figure 3.

Figure 3

PLR increases insulin transcytosis across an RPMI 2650 nasal epithelial cell barrier (cultured on transwell inserts at the air–liquid interface) at concentrations that do not reduce transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) or cell viability. The data are shown as the mean ± s.e.m. (with individual data points also shown on the histograms) for (A) the time course of insulin accumulation in the basal chamber; (B) apparent permeability (Papp) across the 6 h period as a whole; and (C) TEER and (D) cell viability time courses following incubation with insulin alone (gray lines/bars) and increasing PLR concentrations (blue lines/bars). #/##/#### p < 0.05/0.01/0.0001 for both 20:1 and 2:1 molar ratios of insulin/PLR versus insulin alone and ‡/‡‡‡/‡‡‡‡ p < 0.05/0.001/0.0001 for a 2:1 molar ratio of insulin/PLR versus 20:1 (one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA or two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Geisser–Greenhouse’s correction for unequal variance, all followed by Tukey’s multiple-comparison post hoc test).