Table 3.
Associations between IMID treatment and SARS-CoV-2 response: PCR, antibody seroconversion and S-antibody concentration (exploratory analyses).
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | Group 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 2144 | 1532 | 1283 | 147 | 40 |
| Associations with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR | |||||
| TIMT | OR 1.42 (95% CI 0.83–2.53, p = 0.22) | OR 0.97 (95% CI 0.49–2.06, p = 0.93) | OR 1.06 (95% CI 0.68–1.67, p = 0.81) | OR 0.625 (95% CI 0.14–2.66, p = 0.52) | Analysis not possible * |
| Infliximab | OR 1.10 (95% CI 0.65–1.78, p = 0.72) | OR 0.61 (95% CI 0.30–1.16, p = 0.15) | OR 1.14 (95% CI 0.80–1.63, p = 0.46) | OR 0.897 (95% CI 0.17–4.54, p = 0.89) | RR 1.56 (95% CI 0.75–3.21, p = 0.4125) |
| Anti-TNF | OR 1.17 (95% CI 0.75–1.81, p = 0.48) | OR 0.69 (95% CI 0.38–1.23, p = 0.22) | OR 1.11 (95% CI 0.80–1.55, p = 0.53) | OR 1.13 (95% CI 0.39–3.28, p = 0.81) | RR 1.83 (95% CI 0.78–4.33, p = 0.2571) |
| Rituximab | RR 1.70 (95% CI 0.47–6.09, p = 0.7619) | RR 1.56 (95% CI 0.25–9.91, p = 1) | RR 0.68 (95% CI 0.20–2.31, p = 0.7547) | Numbers too low for analysis | No rituximab patients |
| Anti-IL12/23/17 (combined) | OR 1.24 (95% CI 0.68–2.14, p = 0.47) | OR 2.02 (95% CI 0.999–3.86, p = 0.04) | OR 1.2 (95% CI 0.71–2.02, p = 0.48) | OR 1.10 (95% CI 0.32–3.74, p = 0.88) | RR 0.92 (95% CI 0.32–2.62, p = 1) |
| Anti-IL12/23 | OR 1.55 (95% CI 0.83–2.73, p = 0.15) | OR 2.04 (95% CI 0.96–4.01, p = 0.049) | OR 1.22 (95% CI 0.68–2.16, p = 0.5) | RR 1.62 (95% CI 0.88–3.02, p = 0.3559) | RR 0.92 (95% CI 0.22–3.87, p = 1) |
| Anti-IL23 | OR 2.51 (95% CI 0.95–5.95, p = 0.047) | OR 6.32 (95% CI 1.78–20.3, p < 0.01) | RR 1.98 (95% CI 1.25–3.13, p = 0.0592) | RR 1.92 (95% CI 1.01–3.63, p = 0.3708) | RR 1.92 (95% CI 1.32–2.80, p = 1) |
| Anti-IL17 | RR 0.77 (95% CI 0.26–2.32, p = 0.84) | RR 1.65 (95% CI 0.56–4.88, p = 0.6166) | OR 1.11 (95% CI 0.32–3.47, p = 0.87) | RR 0.67 (95% CI 0.20–2.25, p = 0.7609) | RR 0.92 (95% CI 0.22–3.87, p = 1) |
| JAKi | RR 1.01 (95% CI 0.27–3.81, p = 1) | RR 0.88 (95% CI 0.13–5.93, p = 1) | OR 2.31 (95% CI 0.77–6.87, p = 0.13) | RR 2.48 (95% CI 1.87–3.29, p = 0.8554) | Numbers too low for analysis |
| Vedolizumab | OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.42–1.47, p = 0.51) | OR 0.90 (95% CI 0.41–1.78, p = 0.77) | OR 0.797 (95% CI 0.53–1.19, p = 0.28) | RR 0.59 (95% CI 0.11–3.32, p = 0.8805) | RR 1.28 (95% CI 0.52–3.11, p = 1) |
| IMM | OR 0.96 (95% CI 0.54–1.65, p = 0.9) | OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.39–1.98, p = 0.86) | OR 1.4 (95% CI 0.89–2.17, p = 0.14) | OR 1.45 (95% CI 0.36–6.04, p = 0.6) | RR 0.56 (95% CI 0.17–1.82, p = 0.495) |
| Combined IMM + TIMT | OR 1.29 (95% CI 0.68–2.31, p = 0.41) | RR 0.65 (95% CI 0.24–1.73, p = 0.5074) | OR 1.51 (95% CI 0.92–2.47, p = 0.1) | RR 0.97 (95% CI 0.43–2.19, p = 1) | RR 0.56 (95% CI 0.17–1.82, p = 0.495) |
| N-IM | OR 1.18 (95% CI 0.44–2.69, p = 0.71) | RR 0.90 (95% CI 0.29–2.76, p = 1) | OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.30–1.92, p = 0.64) | Numbers too low for analysis | Numbers too low for analysis |
| Systemic steroid use | OR 1.08 (95% CI 0.52–2.04, p = 0.83) | RR 0.59 (95% CI 0.15–2.33, p = 0.633) | OR 1.74 (95% CI 0.79–3.83, p = 0.16) | RR 0.80 (95% CI 0.16–4.08, p = 1) | RR 0.59 (95% CI 0.11–3.04, p = 0.887) |
| IFX vs. vedo | OR 1.42 (95% CI 0.70–3.00, p = 0.35) | OR 0.726 (95% CI 0.29–1.81, p = 0.48) | OR 1.24 (95% CI 0.77–2.00, p = 0.37) | RR 2.00 (95% CI 0.33–12.18, p = 0.7978) | RR 1.00 (95% CI 0.41–2.45, p = 1) |
| Anti-TNF vs. vedo | OR 1.34 (95% 0.70–2.73, p = 0.4) | OR 0.846 (95% CI 0.38–1.99, p = 0.69) | OR 1.24 (95% CI 0.79–1.96, p = 0.35) | RR 1.88 (95% CI 0.33–10.66, p = 0.7583) | RR 1.00 (95% CI 0.42–2.40, p = 1) |
| Anti-IL12/23/17 vs. vedo | OR 1.23 (95% CI 0.54–2.81, p = 0.63) | OR 2.08 (95% CI 0.84–5.26, p = 0.11) | OR 1.27 (95% CI 0.66–2.41, p = 0.47) | RR 1.87 (95% CI 0.31–11.09, p = 0.8337) | RR 0.75 (95% CI 0.21–2.66, p = 1) |
| Anti-TNF vs. anti-IL12/23/17 | OR 0.90 (95% CI 0.49–1.74, p = 0.75) | OR 0.445 (95% CI 0.21–0.98, p = 0.04) | OR 0.89 (95% CI 0.51–1.57, p = 0.68) | OR 1.08 (95% CI 0.29–4.04, p = 0.91) | RR 1.33 (95% CI 0.47–3.78, p = 0.9755) |
| Anti-TNF vs. JAKi | RR 1.09 (95% CI 0.28–4.18, p = 1) | RR 0.97 (95% CI 0.14–6.73, p = 1) | OR 0.55 (95% CI 0.18–1.71, p = 0.29) | RR 0.47 (95% CI 0.33–067, p = 0.9769) | Numbers too low for analysis |
| Anti-TNF vs. rituximab | RR 0.65 (95% CI 0.18–2.39, p = 0.8711) | RR 0.556 (95% CI 0.09–3.65, p = 1) | RR 1.55 (95% CI 0.45–5.32, p = 0.6842) | Numbers too low for analysis | RR 1.26 (95% CI 0.61–2.59, p = 0.9171) |
| Associations with N-seroconversion | |||||
| TIMT | OR 1.29 (95% CI 0.68–2.68, p = 0.46) | OR 1.17 (95% CI 0.50–3.21, p = 0.73) | OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.54–1.28, p = 0.36) | RR 1.70 (95% CI 0.55–5.25, p = 0.4903) | Analysis not possible * |
| Infliximab | OR 0.69 (95% CI 0.33–1.32, p = 0.28) | OR 0.76 (95% CI 1.7–0.53, p = 0.53) | OR 1.05 (95% CI 0.73–1.50, p = 0.77) | OR 0.87 (95% CI 0.22–2.98, p = 0.83) | RR 1.62 (95% CI 0.51–5.12, p = 0.6584) |
| Anti-TNF | OR 0.55 (95% CI 0.29–0.98, p = 0.051) | OR 0.72 (95% CI 0.33–1.48, p = 0.38) | OR 1.03 (95% CI 0.74–1.44, p = 0.84) | OR 0.95 (95% CI 0.36–2.50, p = 0.92) | RR 1.07 (95% CI 0.34–3.40, p = 1) |
| Rituximab | RR 0.90 (95% CI 0.13–6.31, p = 1) | RR 2.15 (95% CI 0.31–14.94, p = 0.9677) | No rituximab patient had N-seroconversion | Numbers too low for analysis | No rituximab patients |
| Anti-IL12/23/17 (combined) | OR 2.00 (95% CI 0.99–3.76, p = 0.04) | OR 1.64 (95% CI 0.64–3.71, p = 0.26) | OR 0.86 (95% CI 0.49–1.42, p = 0.57) | OR 1.5 (95% CI 0.50–4.29, p = 0.46) | RR 1.94 (95% CI 0.55–6.85, p = 0.6939) |
| Anti-IL12/23 | OR 2.85 (95% CI 1.41–5.38, p < 0.01) | OR 1.54 (95% CI 0.51–3.76, p = 0.39) | OR 0.79 (95% CI 0.42–1.41, p = 0.45) | RR 0.62 (95% CI 0.20–1.89, p = 0.5507) | RR 1.50 (95% CI 0.27–8.32, p = 1) |
| Anti-IL23 | OR 4.54 (95% CI 1.60–11.10, p < 0.01) | RR 3.11 (95% CI 1.13–8.52, p = 0.0655) | OR 0.94 (95% CI 0.26–2.67, p = 0.92) | RR 0.37 (95% CI 0.05–2.52, p = 0.4456) | RR 4.75 (95% CI 2.57–8.79, p = 0.5174) |
| Anti-IL17 | RR 0.77 (95% CI 0.19–3.11, p = 0.9694) | RR 1.32 (95% CI 0.32–5.38, p = 1) | OR 0.88 (95% CI 0.28–2.29, p = 0.8) | OR 2.41 (95% CI 0.44–11.9, p = 0.29) | RR 2.31 (95% CI 0.51–10.53, p = 0.9472) |
| JAKi | RR 0.98 (95% CI 0.14–6.87, p = 1) | RR 1.25 (95% CI 0.18–8.88, p = 1) | RR 1.20 (95% CI 0.49–2.93, p = 0.93) | No JAKi patient had N-seroconversion | RR 4.75 (95% CI 2.57–8.79, p = 0.5174) |
| Vedolizumab | OR 1.87 (95% CI 0.95–3.49, p = 0.056) | OR 0.837 (95% CI 0.28–2.07, p = 0.72) | OR 0.84 (95% CI 0.55–1.26, p = 0.41) | RR 0.60 (95% CI 0.09–3.91, p = 0.9031) | RR 0.57 (95% 0.09–3.96, p = 0.909) |
| IMM | OR 0.52 (95% CI 0.22–1.08, p = 0.1) | OR 1.64 (95% CI 0.72–3.57, p = 0.22) | OR 0.76 (95% CI 0.46–1.21, p = 0.26) | OR 1.11 (95% CI 0.31–3.73, p = 0.87) | RR 1.11 (95% CI 0.28–4.34, p = 1) |
| Combined IMM + TIMT | OR 0.72 (95% CI 0.27–1.59, p = 0.45) | OR 2.52 (95% CI 1.09–5.47, p = 0.023) | OR 0.83 (95% CI 0.46–1.42, p = 0.52) | OR 1.66 (95% CI 0.42–5.97, p = 0.45) | RR 1.11 (95% CI 0.28–4.34, p = 1) |
| N-IM | RR 1.16 (95% CI 0.43–3.13, p = 0.993) | RR 0.69 (95% CI 0.10–4.92, p = 1) | OR 1.39 (95% CI 0.54–3.13, p = 0.45) | RR 1.39 (95% CI 0.25–7.87, p = 1) | Numbers too low for analysis |
| Systemic steroid use | OR 0.60 (95% CI 0.17–1.58, p = 0.35) | RR 1.56 (95% CI 0.49–4.99, p = 0.7034) | OR 1.12 (95% CI 0.43–2.54, p = 0.81) | No syst steroid patient had N-seroconversion | RR 1.50 (95% CI 0.27–8.32, p = 1) |
| IFX vs. vedo | OR 0.48 (95% CI 0.20–1.08, p = 0.077) | OR 0.98 (95% CI 0.30–3.42, p = 0.97) | OR 1.2 (95% CI 0.75–1.94, p = 0.45) | RR 2.35 (95% CI 0.33–16.87, p = 0.6557) | RR 2.06 (95% CI 0.29–14.59, p = 0.7954) |
| Anti-TNF vs. vedo | OR 0.40 (95% CI 0.18–0.86, p = 0.019) | OR 0.90 (95% CI 0.31–2.96, p = 0.84) | OR 1.15 (95% CI 0.73–1.83, p = 0.56) | RR 1.80 (95% CI 0.26–12.23, p = 0.8581) | RR 1.67 (95% CI 0.23–11.94, p = 1) |
| Anti-IL12/23/17 vs. vedo | OR 1.09 (95% CI 0.46–2.54, p = 0.83) | OR 1.91 (95% CI 0.55–7.01, p = 0.31) | RR 1.04 (95% CI 0.64–1.70, p = 0.9804) | RR 1.80 (95% CI 0.26–12.64, p = 0.8841) | RR 2.80 (95% CI 0.34–23.06, p = 0.7353) |
| Anti-TNF vs. anti-IL12/23/17 | OR 0.39 (95% 0.18–0.88, p = 0.02) | OR 0.55 (95% CI 0.20–1.6, p = 0.25) | OR 1.17 (95% CI 0.68–2.12, p = 0.59) | OR 0.64 (95% CI 0.19–2.12, p = 0.46) | RR 0.60 (95% CI 0.16–2.22, p = 0.863) |
| Anti-TNF vs. JAKi | RR 0.80 (95% CI 0.11–5.83, p = 1) | RR 0.65 (95% CI 0.09–4.87, p = 1) | RR 0.85 (95% CI 0.34–2.11, p = 0.9632) | Analysis not possible | RR 0.24 (95% CI 0.11–0.51, p = 0.6014) |
| Anti-TNF vs. rituximab | RR 0.88 (95% CI 0.12–6.38, p = 1) | RR 0.381 (95% CI 0.05–2.81, p = 0.8729) | Analysis not possible | Numbers too low for analysis | No rituximab patients |
| Associations with S-seroconversion | |||||
| TIMT | OR 0.28 (95% CI 0.10–0.65, p < 0.01) | RR 0.99 (95% CI 0.98–1.01, p = 0.8517) | S-antibody seroconversion in 100% of patients | Analysis not possible ** | |
| Infliximab | OR 0.96 (95% CI 0.53–1.83, p = 0.9) | OR 0.68 (95% CI 0.27–1.84, p = 0.41) | RR 1.42 (95% CI 0.80–2.53, p = 0.382) | ||
| Anti-TNF | OR 0.76 (95% CI 0.28–1.92, p = 0.57) | OR 1.03 (95% CI 0.43–2.65, p = 0.94) | OR 4.34 (0.80–30.8, p = 0.11) | ||
| Rituximab | OR 0.035 (95% CI 0.01–0.10, p < 0.001) | OR 0.037 (95% CI 0.01–0.13, p < 0.001) | No rituximab patients | ||
| Anti-IL12/23/17 (combined) | RR 1.04 (95% CI 1.01–1.06, p = 0.0408) | RR 1.02 (95% CI 1.01–1.03, p = 0.1268) | RR 0.34 (95% CI 0.06–2.01, p = 0.252) | ||
| Anti-IL12/23 | RR 1.03 (95% CI 1.00–1.06, p = 0.2692) | RR 1.02 (95% CI 1.01–1.03, p = 0.2235) | RR 0.60 (95% CI 0.12–3.05, p = 0.8894) | ||
| Anti-IL23 | RR 1.00 (95% CI 0.94–1.06, p = 1) | RR 1.02 (95% CI 1.01–1.03, p = 0.9334) | Analysis not possible (numbers too low) |
||
| Anti-IL17 | RR 1.05 (95% CI 1.04–1.07, p = 0.1144) | RR 1.02 (95% CI 1.02–1.01, p = 0.7782) | Analysis not possible (numbers too low) |
||
| JAKi | RR 0.99 (95% CI 0.90–1.08, p = 1) | RR 0.97 (95% CI 0.89–1.07, p = 0.9078) | RR 1.90 (95% CI 1.41–2.57, p = 1) | ||
| Vedolizumab | OR 1.16 (95% CI 0.56–2.72, p = 0.71) | RR 1.02 (95% CI 1.01–1.03, p = 0.068) | RR 1.08 (95% CI 0.52–2.21, p = 1) | ||
| IMM | OR 0.28 (95% CI 0.16–0.49, p < 0.001) | OR 0.22 (95% CI 0.09–0.56, p < 0.01) | RR 0.91 (95% CI 0.43–1.96, p = 1) | ||
| Combined IMM + TIMT | OR 0.16 (95% CI 0.09–0.28, p < 0.001) | OR 0.15 (95% CI 0.06–0.38, p < 0.001) | RR 0.91 (95% CI 0.43–1.96, p = 1) | ||
| N-IM | RR 1.02 (95% CI 0.97–1.07, p = 0.7903) | RR 1.02 (95% CI 1.01–1.03, p = 0.6952) | Analysis not possible (numbers too low) |
||
| Systemic steroid use | OR 0.183 (95% CI 0.10–0.37, p < 0.001) | OR 0.06 (95% CI 0.02–0.19, p < 0.001) | RR 1.26 (95% CI 0.54–2.98, p = 1) | ||
| IFX vs. vedo | OR 0.76 (95% CI 0.28–1.92, p = 0.57) | RR 0.98 (95% CI 0.97–1.00, p = 0.1222) | RR 1.13 (95% CI 0.54–2.35, p = 1) | ||
| Anti-TNF vs. vedo | OR 0.64 (95% CI 0.25–1.48, p = 0.32) | RR 0.99 (95% CI 0.97–1.00, p = 0.1966) | RR 1.13 (95% CI 0.54–2.35, p = 1) | ||
| Anti-IL12/23/17 vs. vedo | RR 1.02 (95% CI 0.99–1.05, p = 0.4616) | RR 1.00 (95% CI 1.00–1.01, p = 1) | RR 0.35 (95% CI 0.054–2.264, p = 0.4884) | ||
| Anti-TNF vs. anti-IL12/23/17 | RR 0.97 (95% CI 0.94–1.00, p = 0.1034) | RR 0.98 (95% CI 0.97–0.99, p = 0.2133) | RR 3.33 (95% CI 0.56–19.75, p = 0.1631) | ||
| Anti-TNF vs. JAKi | RR 1.02 (95% CI 0.93–1.11, p = 1) | RR 1.03 (95% CI 0.94–1.13, p = 0.8952) | RR 0.67 (95% CI 0.49–0.90, p = 1) | ||
| Anti-TNF vs. rituximab | OR 26.3 (95% CI 7.36–105, p < 0.001) | OR 27.5 (95% CI 5.55–131, p < 0.001) | No rituximab patients | ||
| Associations S-antibody concentration (log-transformed) | |||||
| TIMT | Mean ratio 0.65 (95% CI 0.50–0.84, p < 0.01) | Mean ratio 0.53 (95% CI 0.40–0.69, p < 0.001) | Number of observations too low for analysis | ||
| Infliximab | Mean ratio 0.62 (95% CI 0.49–0.78, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 0.48 (95% CI 0.39–0.59, p < 0.001) | |||
| Anti-TNF | Mean ratio 0.57 (95% CI 0.46–0.70, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 0.44 (95% CI 0.36–0.53, p < 0.001) | |||
| Rituximab | Mean ratio 0.07 (95% CI 0.03–0.16, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 0.06 (95% CI 0.03–0.13, p < 0.001) | |||
| Anti-IL12/23/17 (combined) | Mean ratio 1.29 (95% CI 0.95–1.75, p = 0.1) | Mean ratio 1.24 (95% CI 0.91–1.68, p = 0.18) | |||
| Anti-IL12/23 | Mean ratio 1.32 (95% CI 0.93–1.86, p = 0.12) | Mean ratio 1.27 (95% CI 0.90–1.80, p = 0.17) | |||
| Anti-IL23 | Mean ratio 2.17 (95% CI 1.19–3.96, p = 0.011) | Mean ratio 2.1 (95% CI 1.02–4.33, p = 0.045) | |||
| Anti-IL17 | Mean ratio 1.23 (95% CI 0.70–2.19, p = 0.47) | Mean ratio 0.97 (95% CI 0.51–1.83, p = 0.92) | |||
| JAKi | Mean ratio 0.65 (95% CI 0.33–1.27, p = 0.21) | Mean ratio 1.15 (95% CI 0.57–2.34, p = 0.7) | |||
| Vedolizumab | Mean ratio 1.84 (95% CI 1.40–2.41, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 2.05 (95% CI 1.62–2.59, p < 0.001) | |||
| IMM | Mean ratio 0.59 (95% CI 0.45–0.78, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 0.41 (95% CI 0.32–0.54, p < 0.001) | |||
| Combined IMM + TIMT | Mean ratio 0.38 (95% CI 0.28–0.53, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 0.31 (95% CI 0.23–0.43, p < 0.001) | |||
| N-IM | Mean ratio 1.36 (95% CI 0.82–2.26, p = 0.23) | Mean ratio 2.2 (95% CI 1.25–3.85, p < 0.001) | |||
| Systemic steroid use | Mean ratio 0.30 (95% CI 0.19–0.46, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 0.32 (95% CI 0.19–0.53, p < 0.001) | |||
| IFX vs. vedo | Mean ratio 0.43 (95% CI 0.31–0.59, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 0.35 (95% CI 0.27–0.45, p < 0.001) | |||
| Anti-TNF vs. vedo | Mean ratio 0.42 (95% CI 0.32–0.56, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 0.34 (95% CI 0.26–0.43, p < 0.001) | |||
| Anti-IL12/23/17 vs. vedo | Mean ratio 0.82 (95% CI 0.56–1.21, p = 0.32) | Mean ratio 0.66 (95% CI 0.49–0.90, p < 0.01) | |||
| Anti-TNF vs. anti-IL12/23/17 | Mean ratio 0.56 (95% CI 0.41–0.78, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 0.53 (95% CI 0.38–0.72, p < 0.001) | |||
| Anti-TNF vs. JAKi | Mean ratio 1.12 (95% CI 0.58–2.16, p = 0.74) | Mean ratio 0.55 (95% CI 0.26–1.14, p = 0.11) | |||
| Anti-TNF vs. rituximab | Mean ratio 11.1 (95% CI 4.18–29.4, p < 0.001) | Mean ratio 10.5 (95% CI 4.02–27.3, p < 0.001) | |||
| Associations with lowest S-antibody concentration quartile (Q) within group | |||||
| TIMT | OR 2.58 (95% CI 1.66–4.20, p < 0.001) | OR 2.54 (95% CI 1.57–4.32, p < 0.001) | RR 2.33 (95% CI 0.58–9.34, p = 0.3209) | Numbers too low for analysis (only 5 patients not in lowest S quartile) |
|
| Infliximab | OR 1.5 (95% CI 1.09–2.06, p = 0.012) | OR 2.8 (95% CI 2.07–3.79, p < 0.001) | OR 2.26 (95% CI 0.61–7.74, p = 0.2) | ||
| Anti-TNF | OR 1.63 (95% CI 1.21–2.19, p < 0.01) | OR 3.52 (95% CI 2.61–4.79, p < 0.001) | OR 2.68 (95% CI 1.01–7.58, p = 0.052) | ||
| Rituximab | OR 10.1 (95% CI 3.63–32.5, p < 0.001) | OR 7.89 (95% CI 2.83–25.40, p < 0.001) | Numbers too low for analysis | ||
| Anti-IL12/23/17 (combined) | OR 0.80 (95% CI 0.50–1.25, p = 0.035) | OR 0.62 (95% CI 0.36–1.01, p = 0.068) | RR 0.25 (95% CI 0.06–1.00, p = 0.0461) | ||
| Anti-IL12/23 | OR 0.89 (95% CI 0.52–1.46, p = 0.65) | OR 0.47 (95% CI 0.23–0.87, p = 0.023) | No anti-IL12/23 patients in lowest Q | ||
| Anti-IL23 | OR 0.67 (95% CI 0.23–1.64, p = 0.43) | RR 0.31 (95% CI 0.08–1.19, p = 0.0824) | No anti-IL23 patients in lowest Q | ||
| Anti-IL17 | OR 0.54 (95% CI 0.19–1.28, p = 0.2) | OR 1.2 (95% CI 0.48–2.77, p = 0.68) | RR 0.81 (95% CI 0.21–3.13, p = 1) | ||
| JAKi | OR 2.48 (95% CI 1.12–5.24, p = 0.019) | RR 0.41 (95% CI 0.11–1.56, p = 0.2326) | Numbers too low for analysis | ||
| Vedolizumab | OR 0.68 (95% CI 0.44–1.02, p = 0.072) | OR 0.206 (95% CI 0.12–0.34, p < 0.001) | RR 2.23 (95% CI 0.81–6.12, p = 0.3239) | ||
| IMM | OR 1.55 (95% CI 1.09–2.21, p < 0.015) | OR 2.42 (95% CI 1.68–3.47, p < 0.001) | OR 1.64 (95% CI 0.44–5.64, p = 0.44) | ||
| Combined IMM + TIMT | OR 2.73 (95% CI 1.86–3.98, p < 0.001) | OR 3.12 (95% CI 2.08–4.66, p < 0.001) | OR 3.5 (95% CI 0.88–13.50, p = 0.066) | ||
| N-IM | OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.35–1.68, p = 0.61) | RR 0.20 (95% CI 0.05–0.79, p < 0.01) | Numbers too low for analysis | ||
| Systemic steroid use | OR 3.27 (95% CI 1.95–5.43, p < 0.001) | OR 2.07 (95% CI 1.07–3.90, p = 0.026) | RR 2.63 (95% CI 0.84–8.25, p = 0.3886) | ||
| IFX vs. vedo | OR 1.99 (95% CI 1.25–3.26, p < 0.01) | OR 7.86 (95% CI 4.60–14.30, p < 0.001) | RR 0.78 (95% CI 0.25–2.48, p = 1) | ||
| Anti-TNF vs. vedo | OR 1.95 (95% CI 1.25–3.12, p < 0.01) | OR 7.84 (95% CI 4.64–14.10, p < 0.001) | RR 0.75 (95% CI 0.27–2.09, p = 0.9014) | ||
| Anti-IL12/23/17 vs. vedo | OR 1.01 (95% CI 0.54–1.88, p = 0.97) | OR 2.3 (95% CI 1.08–4.90, p = 0.03) | RR 0.15 (95% CI 0.03–0.77, p = 0.0539) | ||
| Anti-TNF vs. anti-IL12/23/17 | OR 1.75 (95% CI 1.08–2.93, p = 0.027) | OR 2.79 (95% CI 1.67–4.89, p < 0.001) | RR: 5.00 (95% CI 1.21–20.69, p = 0.0195) | ||
| Anti-TNF vs. JAKi | OR 0.53 (95% CI 0.24–1.19, p = 0.11) | RR 3.75 (95% CI 0.99–14.12, p = 0.0274) | Numbers too low for analysis | ||
| Anti-TNF vs. rituximab | OR 0.16 (95% CI 0.04–0.49, p < 0.01) | OR 0.24 (95% CI 0.07–0.76, p = 0.02) | Numbers too low for analysis | ||
Abbreviations: TIMT: targeted immune-modulating treatment, IMM: immunomodulator, N-IM: non-TIMT and non-IMM at baseline, IFX: infliximab, vedo: vedolizumab, JAKi: JAK-inhibitor. * no patients without TIMT with PCR positivity or N-seroconversion, therefore numbers too low for analysis. ** no patients without TIMT with N-seroconversion, therefore numbers too low for analysis. Results of multivariate analyses shown if the analysis sample consists of at least 5 patients in each subgroup, conditional treatment effects are estimated using binary logistic regression models adjusted for the propensity score of the respective treatment.