FIG. 1.

Antiretroviral therapy controlled SIV-induced disease in SIV/BCG-coinfected macaques. Shown are the changes in the levels of SIV RNA in plasma (a) and CD4⁺ PBL counts (b) in SIV-infected macaques after BCG reinfection (second inoculation). The data for SIV RNA in plasma were generated by QC-PRC. Antiretroviral drugs were initiated within 5 days after SIV/BCG-coinfected macaques developed the clinical syndrome of anorexia, diarrhea, and 20% loss of body weight. Antiretroviral treatment with PMPA, Crixivan, and Viracept was given for up to 10 weeks. Macaque 276 (Mm276) received treatment 5 days later than macaques 259 and 278 due to 1-week delays in their developing this clinical syndrome after BCG coinfection. Macaques 220, 264, and 148 constituted the control group of SIV/BCG-coinfected animals (death).