FIG. 5.

The control of SIV-induced disease during antiretroviral treatment was associated with the generation of BCG-specific T-cell responses and control of the progression of SIV-related tuberculosis-like disease in the naive macaques simultaneously infected with SIV and BCG. PMPA treatment facilitated the development of proliferative T-cell responses to PPD (a) and blocked the evolution of fatal BCG-induced disease (b). The proliferation data were generated by using CD4⁺ lymphocyte-enriched PBL from the coinfected macaques. BCG CFU were assessed using the lysates of 10⁶ lymph node cells obtained from the macaques after simultaneous inoculation with SIV and BCG. (c) Correlation between the restored T-cell proliferative responses to PPD and the decrease in BCG CFU during antiretroviral treatment of these monkeys. Shown are means, with error bars, from two monkeys.