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. 2024 Oct 9;16(10):1585. doi: 10.3390/v16101585

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Clinical and post-mortem findings of pigeons vaccinated/challenged with PPMV-1 strain. (A) Torticollis in non-vaccinated/challenged pigeon (G4b). (B) Wing paralysis in non-vaccinated/challenged pigeon (G4b). (C) Complete paralysis in non-vaccinated/challenged pigeon (G4b). (D) Severe greenish diarrhoea in non-vaccinated/challenged pigeon (G4b). (E) Opisthotonos position in pigeon of NDV LaSota vaccinated/challenged (G1b). (F) Greenish diarrhoea in pigeon of NDV LaSota vaccinated/challenged (G1b). (G) Severe congested and haemorrhagic brain in non-vaccinated/challenged pigeon (G4b). (H) Congested heart with minute petechial haemorrhages in non-vaccinated/challenged pigeon (G4b). (I) Enlarged and severe congested spleen with haemorrhages in non-vaccinated/challenged pigeon (G4b). (J) Pancreatitis with punctate haemorrhages in non-vaccinated/challenged pigeon (G4b). (K) Severe nephrosis in non-vaccinated/challenged pigeon (G4b). (L) Haemorrhages at junction between oesophagus and proventriculus with greenish content in the gizzard of non-vaccinated/challenged pigeon (G4b). (M) Moderate congestion in brain of pigeon in NDV LaSota vaccinated/challenged group (G1b). (N) Mild congestion (apparently normal) of heart in pigeon of NDV LaSota vaccinated/challenged group (G1b). (O) Enlarged spleen with few haemorrhages in pigeon of NDV LaSota vaccinated/challenged group (G1b). (P) Pancreatitis with necrosis in pigeon of NDV LaSota vaccinated/challenged group (G1b). (Q) Moderate nephrosis in pigeon of NDV LaSota group (G1b).