Figure 4.

Combined inhibition of TLR9 and IL-1 signaling leads to an abrogated cellular response to AAV-encoded transgene product in muscle. (A) Kinetics of OVA-specific CD8⁺ T-cell response in TLR9^−/− mice following intramuscular gene transfer with a high dose (2 × 10¹¹ vg) of the ssAAV1 vector. TLR9^−/− mice were treated with an isotype control antibody (black line) or a combination of anti-IL-1α and anti-IL-1β antibodies (brown line). (B) Kinetics of OVA-specific CD8⁺ T-cell response in IL-1R1^−/− mice following intramuscular gene transfer with a high dose (2 × 10¹¹ vg) of the ssAAV1 vector. IL-1R1^−/− mice were either treated with an isotype control antibody (charcoal black line) or with anti-IFNaR1 antibody (pink line). Each experimental group consisted of five mice. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Significant differences between WT and knockout mice are denoted as follows: the level of significance is indicated as *** p < 0.001. Non-significant differences are not indicated.