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. 2024 Aug 27;42(8):1014–1030. doi: 10.1177/07342829241276564

Table 2.

Measurement Invariance of the m-PSSM by Age.

Model χ2 (df) CFI SRMR RMSEA (90% CI) Δχ2 (df) ΔCFI ΔSRMR ΔRMSEA
Baseline
       Full sample 14.49 (2)**** 0.975 0.038 0.244 (0.137, 0.368)
      10–13 years 12.57 (2)*** 0.976 0.052 0.299 (0.156, 0.467)
 14–16 years 2.31 (2)* 0.999 0.018 0.058 (0.000, 0.305)
Configural 17.17 (4)*** 0.979 0.040 0.250 (0.137, 0.378)
Metric 14.47 (8)* 0.990 0.043 0.124 (0.000, 0.225) 1.90 (4)* 0.011 0.003 −0.126
Scalar 33.05 (15)*** 0.971 0.058 0.151 (0.081, 0.222) 18.75 (7)*** −0.019 0.015 0.027
Scalar (τ3,1) 25.87 (14)** 0.981 0.054 0.127 (0.042, 0.203) 11.76 (6)* −0.009 0.011 0.003
Strict 34.21 (18)** 0.974 0.069 0.131 (0.060, 0.197) 9.19 (4)* −0.007 0.015 0.004

Note. τ3,1 refers to the release of the constraint on the third threshold of item one to achieve partial invariance at the scalar level of testing.

*p > .05.

**p < .05.

***p < .01.

****p < .001.