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. 2024 Oct 14;14:1458449. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1458449

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Copyright © 2024 Jung, Nelde, Maringer, Denk, Zieschang, Kammer, Özbek, Martus, Hackenbruch, Englisch, Heitmann, Salih and Walz

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Construction of the vaccine. After an extensive comparison of immunopeptidomes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells (red), leukemia stem and progenitor cells (LPC) (blue) and benign tissue cells (green), the LPC/AML non-benign overlap (red-black hatched) was isolated and used to provide six human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II-restricted non-mutated (blue dots), one HLA class II-restricted mutated (green dot) and two HLA class I-restricted mutated (yellow dots) peptides for the peptide mix, including the adjuvant XS15. The peptide mix is emulsified with Montanide ISA 51 VG to formulate the multi-peptide vaccine.