Comparative examination of Cu NPs (MG) production across various research investigations.

	Stabilizer, reductant	Treatment	Phase	Shape, size	Applications	References
Cu NPs-a	Hydrazine, starch	Conventional heating	Cu	Spherical, 20 nm	—	14
Cu NPs-b	Ascorbic acid, starch	Conventional heating	Cu, Cu2O	Cubic, 29 nm	—	12
Cu NPs-c	Hydrazine, starch	Conventional heating	Cu	Spherical, 50–70 nm	—	13
Cu NPs-d	Syzygium aromaticum bud extract	Conventional heating	Cu	Spherical, 20 nm	Antibacteria, antifungi	66
Cu NPs-e	Ananas comosus peel extract, polyethylene glycol	Conventional heating	Cu	Spherical, 53 nm	—	67
Cu NPs-f	Fraxinus excelsior methanolic extract	Sonication	Unidentified	Spherical, 10 nm	—	68
Cu NPs (MG)	M. glabra fruit extract, starch	Sonication	Cu	Spherical, 23 nm	Antibacterial, anticancer cells, antifungal, dye removal	This work