Figure 2.

Effects of NO·-based treatments at various phases of healing in DM wound.

NO·-based therapies may offer a multifaceted approach to improve DM wound healing. (1) The role of NO· in the hemostatic phase is not clear. (2) At the inflammatory phase, NO· therapy can reduce excessive inflammation while promoting the recruitment of beneficial immune cells like macrophages, which are crucial for debris clearance and healing. (3) NO· may positively influence the proliferative phase by stimulating the growth and migration of endothelial cells, necessary for angiogenesis. This enhanced blood flow can deliver vital oxygen and nutrients to the wound site, promoting epithelialization, i.e., the regeneration of the skin’s surface layer. (4) NO· can regulate collagen deposition during remodeling, potentially influencing scar formation. However, it is important to note that the specific effects of NO·-based therapies on each stage of wound healing require further investigation. Optimizing their dosage and delivery methods will be crucial to stablish their potential for promoting DM wound healing. Created with BioRender.com. A-Plt: Activated platelet; ECM: extracellular matrix; MSCs: mesenchymal stem cells; NO·: nitric oxide; Plt: platelet.