Table 6.

Reports dealing with gut microbiota and their major finding

Domains	Reference	Highlighted
Gut microbiota	Galmiche M, 2022 [53]	AN cases have been reported after severe infections or the use of medication against infectious agents. Viral, bacterial infections, or parasitic infections, induce reduction in food intake and changes in gut microbiota composition that are both potential triggers for AN.
Gut microbiota	Thomas M, 2021 [54]	Retrospective evaluation of clinical care files revealed that 13.6% of patients (n 1⁄495) with AN or BN have experienced a viral infection during puberty and immediately prior to the onset of their ED.
Gut microbiota	Seitz J, 2020 [55]	Microbiota influences complex behaviors, such as learning, stress, depression and anxiety, all of which play important roles in AN. Adolescent patients: Romboutsia and Enterobacteriaceae species decreased, Lachnospiraceae species increased. Species belonging to the Lachnospiraceae family predict shorter treatment duration.
Gut microbiota	Schulz N, 2021 [56]	Gut microbiota alterations in adolescent patients with AN do not normalize with weight gain. Higher abundance of unclassified Lachnospiraceae in patients at admission is associated with a shorter duration of treatment (p-value: 0.04)
Gut microbiota	Soltysova M, 2022 [57]	Microbioma in children and adolescents with AN: increase in Anaerostipes and a reduction in Romboutsia
Gut microbiota	Mir HD, 2023 [58]	Evidence supports the idea that the eCBome and the gut microbiome are both involved in the pathogenesis of ED.
Gut microbiota	Smith KR, 2021 [59]	Evidence suggests dysregulation of gut peptide signaling in AN. The fasting ghrelin levels are negatively associated with BMI and body fat. The temporal pattern of postprandial CCK secretion appears disrupted in AN showing an earlier peak relative to control. In adolescents with AN, basal peptide YY3–36 levels were found to be elevated. Elevations in fasting peptide YY may contribute to the reduced hunger reported in AN.