Table 2.
The role of RNA and histone methylation in TC
| Modifications | Gene | Model | Role in TC | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M6A | IGF2BP2 and YTHDF1 | Thirty pairs of thyroid cancer tissue samples (including PTC, FTC, ATC, and MTC) and adjacent normal thyroid tissues | Prognostic factors | [78, 79] |
| M6A | YTHDF3 | Thirty pairs of thyroid cancer tissue samples (including PTC, FTC, ATC, and MTC) and adjacent normal thyroid tissues | Prognostic biomarker | [78] |
| M6A | NF-κB | Mouse xenograft models and tumor tissues from PTC patients | METTL3-related modification inhibits tumor progression | [80] |
| M6A | STEAP2 | Mouse xenograft models | METTL3-related modification promoting proliferation and invasion of PTC cells | [81] |
| M6A | IGF2BP2 | Tissue samples from PTC patients | Stabilizing DPP4 mRNA, enhancing proliferation and invasion of PTC cells | [82] |
| M6A | IGF2BP2 | radioiodine refractory papillary thyroid cancer (RR-PTC) cell lines, specifically K1 and TPC1, and Tissue samples from RR-PTC patients | Stabilizing RUNX2 mRNA, inhibiting NIS expression, and hindering differentiation [83] | [83] |
| M6A | LINC01125 | Human PTC cell lines, specifically TPC-1 and IHH-4, and tumor tissues from patients with PTC | METTL3-related modification enhancing invasion, migration, and proliferation of TC cells | [84] |
| M6A | LINC00894 | Human PTC cell lines, including KTC-1 and BCPAP and tumor tissues from patients with TC | METTL3-related modification involved in the malignant phenotype of PTC | [85] |
| m5C | NSUN2 | Human ATC cell lines, mouse xenograft models, and tumor tissue samples from patients with ATC | Promoting proliferation, invasion, and migration of ATC cells | [86] |
| M7G | DOCK9-DT, DPP4-DT, TMEM105, SMG7-AS1 and HMGA2-AS1 | Transcriptome expression data from TCGA database, 567 samples were collected, including 509 THCA tissue samples and 58 normal paracancer tissue samples. | Prognostic model | [87] |
| Histone methylation | H3K4me3 | Tumor tissues from patients with different subtypes of TC | Linked with lymphatic vessel invasion | [88] |
METTL3 Methyltransferase-like 3, DPP4 Dipeptidyl peptidase-4, ATC Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, H3K4me3 Histone H3 on lysine 4