TABLE 3.

Summary of on-farm management practices for the farms in this study

Parameter	Description or practice for indicated farm
	Farm 1	Farm 2	Farm 3	Farm 4	Farm 5
Turkeys
Hatchery	A	B	C	D	C
Poult strain	HyBrid	HyBrid	HyBrid	BUTA	HyBrid
Growing program	Two-stage	Two-stage	Two-stage	Two-stage	Three-stage
Feed mill	E	F	G	E	H
Growth antibiotic	Virginiamycin	Bacitracin	Virginiamycin	Bacitracin and Virginiamycin	Virginiamycin
Dose (g/ton)	20	48 (9-12 wks), 42 (12-15 wks), 30 (15-18 wks)	20	50	20
Age fed	3 wks to market		9 wks to market	1 to 39 days (bacitrocin), 40 day to market (virginiamycin)	8 wks to market
Water
Water source	Farm well	Farm well	Farm well	Farm well	City water
Chlorination	No	No	No	Yes	Yes
Water lines cleaned (time period)	2 mos	1 yr	Unknown	Unknown	Each flock
Litter
Litter type	Pine shavings, oat hulls	Pine/soft wood shavings	Wood shavings	Wood shavings	Shavings
Time since last change	Scrape and top dress prior to each flock	1 yr	2 yrs (top change)	Fresh for flock	Top dress each flock
Animals
Animals in house	No	No	Yes (dogs)	No	No
Mice/rats	Yes	Yes (mice)	Occasional (mice)	No	Occasional
Birds (sparrows)	Yes (starlings)	Yes	Yes	Yes (a few)	Yes
Other livestock on farm	No	Cattle	No	No	No
Flock health
Vaccines used	Yes	Yes	None	Yes	Yes
Hemorrhagic     enteritis virus	Yes			Yes	Yes
Pasteurella		Yes			Yes
Bordetella		Yes		Yes	Yes
Coccidiostat used	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Diseases	E. coli	Nothing major	Crop mycosis	None	None
Treatment	Chlortetra-penicillin, cycline	CuSO4 (brooder) Oxytetracycline sulfa (12.5%)	No Oxytetracycline (3 wks)		Penicillin (prophylaxis)
Age treated	6-7 wks	1, 2, and 10 wks	See above		8 wks
Biosecurity
Foot bath required	No	Yes	No	No	No
Disinfectant		Tektrol
Boot change	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes
Clothes change	No	No	No	No	No