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Biofilm formation and conjugal transfer of enhanced biofilm-forming phenotype by L. lactis clumping strains, using the rapid microtiter plate adherence test. ML3 was the initial donor for the Lac plasmid. LM2301, JK2301β, LM2302, and HL01Te were conjugation recipients. HW002, HL221, HL331, and HW401 were clumping transconjugants, and they also served as donors for the Lac plasmid in the subsequent matings. HL421, HL332, and HL222 were clumping transconjugants.
