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. 2024 Oct 21;55(11):2705–2715. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.124.048264

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Caffeine pharmacokinetics and effects on resuscitation. A, Caffeine concentration in ewe (n=6) and lamb (n=7) plasma at the time of umbilical cord occlusion and caffeine concentration in lamb (n=7) plasma over time. B, Hemodynamic changes in response to umbilical cord occlusion (UCO) with drop in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) followed by increase reflecting return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Hemodynamic data were analyzed using grouped analysis of the individual group’s means for a specific time point. Placebo (P): n=19; low-dose (LD) caffeine: n=14; and high-dose (HD) caffeine: n=7. C, Time to asystole and time to ROSC were similar among the compared groups. Groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Placebo: n=21; LD caffeine: n=18–19; and HD caffeine: n=8. D, Selected anthropometric parameters between the studied groups. Brain and body weight differences were assessed using ANOVA. Data in graph B are shown as mean and graph C and D as mean±SEM. Placebo: n=20–21; LD caffeine: n=16–19; and HD caffeine: n=5–8. LD-caffeine–treated group is presented in green, HD-caffeine–treated group is presented in red, and placebo is presented in black. *P<0.05. wt indicates weight.