Table 4.
HR with 95% CI from Cox Proportional hazards models for the outcome death by any cause. Stratified on advanced age, stage IV disease and advanced comorbidities, CCI 3 or above
| Patients with age ≧ 80 | Patients with stage IV disease | Patients with CCI ≧ 3 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multivariate | Multivariate | Multivariate | |||||||
| HR | (95% CI) | p | HR | (95% CI) | p | HR | (95% CI) | p | |
| MDT | |||||||||
| No | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — |
| Yes | 0.59 | (0.49–0.70) | <0.001 | 0.71 | (0.65–0.78) | <0.001 | 0.62 | (0.54–0.71) | <0.001 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — |
| Male | 1.03 | (0.87–1.21) | 0.734 | 1.12 | (1.03–1.22) | 0.011 | 1.16 | (1.04–1.29) | 0.008 |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | |||||||||
| <50 | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | |||
| 50–59 | 1.28 | (1.02–1.59) | 0.030 | 0.84 | (0.59–1.18) | 0.306 | |||
| 60–69 | 1.25 | (1.01–1.53) | 0.036 | 1.01 | (0.73–1.39) | 0.962 | |||
| 70–79 | 1.47 | (1.19–1.81) | <0.001 | 1.24 | (0.90–1.70) | 0.191 | |||
| 80–89 | 1.42 | (1.14–1.77) | 0.002 | 1.33 | (0.96–1.85) | 0.089 | |||
| 90 and above | 1.93 | (1.45–2.58) | <0.001 | 2.19 | (1.44–3.33) | <0.001 | |||
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Unmarried | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — |
| Married | 1.00 | (0.84–1.17) | 0.966 | 0.94 | (0.87–1.01) | 0.104 | 1.02 | (0.93–1.12) | 0.651 |
| Education level | |||||||||
| Low (<9 years) | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — |
| Intermediate (10 – 12 years) | 0.97 | (0.82–1.14) | 0.699 | 0.94 | (0.87–1.02) | 0.150 | 0.94 | (0.85–1.04) | 0.241 |
| High (>12 years) | 0.96 | (0.77–1.19) | 0.695 | 0.91 | (0.82–1.01) | 0.076 | 0.91 | (0.80–1.04) | 0.168 |
| CCI score | |||||||||
| 0–1 | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | |||
| 2 | 0.95 | (0.74–1.21) | 0.683 | 1.00 | (0.90–1.12) | 0.867 | |||
| 3 or above | 1.16 | (0.97–1.39) | 0.108 | 1.14 | (1.05–1.23) | 0.001 | |||
| Histopathology | |||||||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — |
| Squamous | 1.21 | (1.01–1.45) | 0.042 | 1.11 | (1.03–1.21) | 0.011 | 1.24 | (1.12–1.38) | 0.001 |
| Clinical disease stage | |||||||||
| Stage 0 | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | |||
| Stage I | 1.23 | (0.46–3.30) | 0.677 | 0.99 | (0.54–1.82) | 0.970 | |||
| Stage II | 1.64 | (0.66–4.09) | 0.291 | 1.47 | (0.84–2.57) | 0.183 | |||
| Stage III | 2.36 | (0.95–5.84) | 0.064 | 2.00 | (1.15–3.48) | 0.014 | |||
| Stage IVa | 2.41 | (0.95–6.12) | 0.064 | 2.42 | (1.37–4.27) | 0.002 | |||
| Stage IVb | 3.93 | (1.58–9.71) | 0.003 | 3.18 | (1.83–5.52) | <0.001 | |||
| Year of diagnosis | |||||||||
| 2005–2009 | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — |
| 2010–2013 | 1.64 | (1.31–2.06) | <0.001 | 1.12 | (1.03–1.23) | 0.013 | 1.17 | (1.03–1.32) | 0.017 |
| 2014–2018 | 1.67 | (1.32–2.12) | <0.001 | 1.07 | (0.97–1.19) | 0.173 | 1.15 | (1.00–1.31) | 0.045 |
| Treatment allocation | |||||||||
| Curative treatment | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — | 1.00 | (Ref.) | — |
| Palliative treatment | 2.28 | (1.79–2.90) | <0.001 | 3.19 | (2.87–3.54) | <0.001 | 2.59 | (2.28–2.94) | <0.001 |
Clinical T-, N- and M-stage calculated according to the 8th edition of the AJCC/UICC TNM classification system
Association with improved outcome
Association with poorer outcome