Table 1.

Receptors involved in mammalian selective autophagy.

Pathway	Substrate	Mammalian autophagy receptors	Related diseases	Refs.
Ub-dependent mitophagy	Mitochondria	SQSTM1/p62, OPTN, NBR1, NDP52, TAX1BP1	Neurodegenerative diseases (particularly PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cancer, metabolic diseases, heart defects	[24]
Ub-independent mitophagy	Mitochondria	NIX, BNIP3, FUNDC1, FKBP8, BCL2L13	Neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, heart defects	[260]
ER-phagy	Endoplasmic reticulum	FAM134B, SEC62, RTN3, BNIP3, TEX264, RTN3L, SQSTM1/p62, CCPG1	Neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, renal diseases	[223]
Pexophagy	Peroxisome	NBR1, SQSTM1/p62	Peroxisomal disorders (for example, Zellweger syndrome)	[14]
Aggrephagy	Protein aggregates	SQSTM1/p62, NBR1, OPTN, TAX1BP1, TOLLIP, CCT2	Neurodegenerative diseases (such as HD)	[44]
Lipophagy	Lipid droplets (LDs)	SQSTM1/p62, ATGL, AIP4, ORP8, PLIN2/3, PNPL3/5/7/8,	Liver diseases, obesity, cancer, atherosclerosis	[49]
Ribophagy	Ribosomes	NUFIP1	May exacerbate disease- related protein dyshomeostasis	[66]
FA-phagy	Focal adhesions (FAs)	SQSTM1/p62, NBR1, c- Cbl,	Cancer, vascular diseases (including intracranial aneurysms)	[261]