TABLE 2.
Overview of present case and seven reported cases with clinical informationa
| Characteristic | Present case | Stein et al. (22) | Chakravarty and Fernandez (2)
|
Lee (9) | Bates and Cruickshank (1)
|
von Arnim (23) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 1 | Patient 2 | |||||
| Age (yr) | 43 | 12 | 22 | 30 | 35 | Unknown | Unknown | 42 |
| City and state or country | New Orleans, La. | Bronx, N.Y. | Delhi, India | Delhi, India | New York, N.Y. | Leicester, UK | Leicester, UK | Berlin, Germany |
| Ethnicity | African-American | African-American | Asian Indian | Asian Indian | African-American | Caucasian | Caucasian | Caucasian |
| Comorbidity | Coronary artery disease, hypertension | None | None | None | None | Unknown | Unknown | None |
| HIV infection | No | No | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Fever | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Site(s) of infection | Lung cavity, soft tissue | Lung cavity, costal osteitis | Lung cavity | Bilateral lung cavities | Lung cavity | Empyema | Empyema | Lung cavity, substernal abscess |
| Identification on Gram stain | Yes (only soft tissue) | Yes (from thoracic wall abscess) | Unknown | Unknown | Yes (from pleural empyema) | Yes | Yes | Yes (from wall abscess) |
| Identification by culture | Yes (only lung) | Yes (from thoracic wall abscess) | Yes (from sputum) | Yes (from sputum) | Yes (from pleural empyema) | Unknown | Unknown | Yes |
| Actinomyces species | A. graevenitzii | A. israelii | A. israelii | A. israelii | Not reported | A. israelii | A. israelii | Not reported |
| Treatment for actinomycosis | Amoxicillin for 6 mo | Penicillin IV for 2 mo, PO for 1 mo | Penicillin IV for 3 mo | Penicillin IV for 3 mo | Penicillin IV for a total of 3 mo | Unknown | Unknown | Neoarsephenamine (Neosalvarsan) |
| Treatment for tuberculosis | RIPE for 2 mo, RI for 4 mo | INH, ethambutol, rifampin | Streptomycin and INH for 3 mo, INH and PAS for 18 mo | Streptomycin and INH for 10 wk | Unknown tuberculosis treated 4 yr before diagnosis of actinomycosis | Unknown | Unknown | Sulfonamides (symptomatic) |
| Surgery | No | No | No | No | Lung resection | Thoracoplasty | No | Incision and drainage of abscesses |
| Outcome | Healed | Recovered | Recovered | Recovered | Recovered | Recovered | Died from amyloidosis | Died of pulmonary hemorrhage |
a
Abbreviations: RIPE, rifampin-isoniazid-pyrazinamide-ethambutol; IV, intravenously; PO, orally; INH, isoniazid; PAS, para-aminosalicylic acid; UK, United Kingdom.