Fig. 1.
Postprandial glucose (a), insulin (b), ISR (c), ICR (d), Rdins (e), hepatic insulin delivery (f), glucagon (g), GLP-1 (h) and NEFA (i) responses to the ingestion of a mixed-macronutrient breakfast meal in Lean-NGT (red circles, dashed line [n=12]) and Obese-NGT (blue circles, dotted line [n=11]) individuals, and in people with type 2 diabetes (grey circles, solid line [n=19]). The arrow depicts the time of meal ingestion. In (f), the purple area represents the maximum hepatic insulin uptake capacity (i.e. ~2000 pmol/min) [2]. In (g), glucagon data in the Obese-NGT group are presented as n=10. All data are presented as mean ± SEM and were analysed by a two-way, mixed-model ANOVA with Tukey post hoc comparisons. p values were adjusted for multiple comparisons: *p<0.05 Lean-NGT vs Obese-NGT; †p<0.05 Obese-NGT vs type 2 diabetes; ‡p<0.05 Lean-NGT vs type 2 diabetes. For clarity, significant main effects for time (i.e. change from baseline) are not presented in the figure