TABLE 2.
Final Multivariable Linear Regression for Mean Daily Oral Morphine Equivalent Use During the ICU Course With Predictors of Sociodemographic, Baseline Characteristics, and Surgical Factors
| Variable | Beta Estimatea (95% CI) | p | Effect Sizeb (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | –0.007 (–0.009 to –0.005) | < 0.0001c | 0.98 (0.98–0.99) |
| Current or former illicit drug use | 0.12 (0.01–0.23) | 0.04c | 1.30 (1.01–1.68) |
| Preoperative opioid use | 0.22 (0.16–0.29) | < 0.0001c | 1.67 (1.43–1.96) |
| At least moderate anxiety | 0.02 (–0.04 to 0.08) | 0.57 | 1.04 (0.91–1.19) |
| Fibromyalgia Survey Score | 0.01 (0.007–0.02) | < 0.0001c | 1.03 (1.02–1.05) |
| Anesthesia duration (hr) | 0.01 (0.002–0.02) | 0.02c | 1.03 (1.00–1.05) |
| > 24 hr ventilator use in ICU | 0.27 (0.15–0.38) | < 0.0001c | 1.85 (1.41–2.42) |
| Major surgery | 0.21 (0.12–0.30) | < 0.0001c | 1.62 (1.33–1.97) |
a
Parameter estimates are for log10 transformed oral morphine equivalent (OME).
b
The effect size for mean daily OME = 10β where β is the beta estimate derived for log10(OME). The effect size value was rounded to two decimal points for reporting purpose. For instance, the effect size of age on mean daily OME implies a 2% decrease in OME for every one-year increase in age. The effect size of preoperative opioid use implies a 67% increase in OME compared with those who did not use preoperative opioids.
c
Significance determined by p < 0.05.