Table 2.
Risks of gallstone disease according to long-term weight patterns.
| All | Male | Female | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight pattern | Person-years | Number of cases | Rates (per 10,000)* | IRR (95% CI) | HRs (95% CI)a | Person-years | Number of cases | Rates (per 10,000)* | IRR (95% CI) | HRs (95% CI)a | Person-years | Number of cases | *Rates (per 10,000) | IRR (95% CI) | HRs (95% CI)a |
| Weight maintenance | 8,334,198 | 29,102 | 34.9 | 1 | 5,444,576 | 19,223 | 35.3 | 1 | 1 | 2,889,621 | 9879 | 34.2 | 1 | 1 | |
| Weight gain 20%+ | 21,694 | 110 | 50.7 | 1.45 (0.85–1.14) | 1.13 (0.96–1.33) | 30,132 | 86 | 28.5 | 0.80 (0.65–1.00) | 0.93 (0.73–1.17) | 1,845,059 | 6735 | 36.5 | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | 1.36 (1.08–1.70) |
| Weight gain 5 ~ 20% | 6,268,751 | 19,815 | 31.6 | 0.91 (0.89–0.92) | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | 4,184,177 | 12,724 | 30.4 | 0.86 (0.84–0.88) | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 10,473 | 49 | 46.8 | 1.37 (1.01–1.81) | 1.06 (1.02–1.10) |
| Weight cycling | 6,973,168 | 24,582 | 35.3 | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 1.04 (1.02–1.06) | 3,764,356 | 13,309 | 35.4 | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | 3,208,812 | 11,273 | 35.1 | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) |
| Weight loss 5 ~ 20% | 4,153,529 | 15,833 | 38.1 | 1.09 (1.07–1.11) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 2,308,470 | 9098 | 39.4 | 1.12 (1.09–1.14) | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) | 1,845,059 | 6735 | 36.5 | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | 1 (0.96–1.03) |
| Weight loss 20%+ | 21,694 | 110 | 50.7 | 1.45 (1.19–1.75) | 1.32 (1.07–1.65) | 11,221 | 61 | 54.4 | 1.54 (1.18–1.98) | 1.34 (1.00–1,78) | 10,473 | 49 | 46.8 | 1.37 (1.01–1,81) | 1.33 (0.97–1.83) |
*No. of events per 10,000 person-years; aadjusted by age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, pulse pressure, cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, proteinuria, AST/ALT, r-GTP, socioeconomic status, physical activity, drinking and smoking. IRR, incidence rate ratio; HR, hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval.