Table 3.
Influence of Increasing Burden of Measures of Autonomic Dysfunction on Various Echocardiographic and CPET Parameters
| Survivors (n = 1,041) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measures of Autonomic Dysfunction | |||||
| None (n = 468) | Only 1 (n = 320) | 2 (n = 168) | ≥3 (n = 85) | P Value | |
| Cardiopulmonary exercise test parameters | |||||
| Peak oxygen consumption, mL/kg/min | 28.9 ± 7.9 | 26.2 ± 7.4 | 21.2 ± 7.1 | 19.2 ± 6.9 | <0.001 |
| Peak oxygen consumption as a percent of predicted, % | 86.6 ± 18.2 | 79.1 ± 17.8 | 69.1 ± 18.5 | 62.8 ± 18.9 | <0.001 |
| Peak oxygen consumption <80% predicted | 162 (34.6) | 169 (52.8) | 121 (72.0) | 67 (79.8) | <0.001 |
| Echocardiographic parameters | |||||
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 58.6 ± 5.0 | 57.4 ± 5.5 | 56.5 ± 6.3 | 57.3 ± 6.1 | <0.001 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction <50% | 22 (5.1) | 21 (7.2) | 17 (11.2) | 6 (9.8) | 0.058 |
| Global longitudinal strain, % | −20.1 ± 2.7 | −19.8 ± 2.7 | −19.3 ± 2.6 | −18.7 ± 2.4 | 0.11 |
| Global longitudinal strain ≥1.5 SD | 137 (31.2) | 114 (38.6) | 67 (44.1) | 44 (55.0) | <0.001 |
| Septal e′ <7 cm/s | 24 (5.2) | 14 (4.5) | 13 (8.0) | 11 (13.8) | 0.011 |
| Lateral e′ <10 cm/s | 54 (11.7) | 44 (14.1) | 38 (23.2) | 22 (27.5) | <0.001 |
| E/e′ ratio >14 | 65 (14.1) | 45 (14.6) | 34 (21.1) | 24 (30.8) | <0.001 |
Values are mean ± SD or n (%).
CPET = cardiopulmonary exercise test.