Fig 1.

Assessing the growth of P. alloputida KT2440 with different concentrations of La (10 nM - 10 µM) and different Ln elements (50 nM). Cultivations have been carried out in 96-well plates (n = 4 biological replicates) in 300 µL MP medium, and growth was tracked through spectrophotometry (OD₆₀₀) (A). The symbols and color codes refer to different La concentrations, and different Ln elements, respectively (red = low concentrations, 10 nM–1 µM; blue = high concentrations, 2.5–10 µM; orange = light Ln, La–Nd; green = heavy Ln, Dy–Yb; grey = Ln mix [Ce, Nd, Dy, Ho, Er, and Yb]; black = no added Ln). Growth rates and doubling times were calculated based on averaged data using growthcurver (v0.3.1) (27) (B). Obtained growth curve data were fitted based on the standard form of the logistic equation in ecology and evolution, which is rooted in growth rate, initial population size, and carrying capacity (28, 29).