Table 1.

Characteristics/information of the studies included in the meta-analysis

Studies	Surgery	Measures	Groups (n): Surgical technique
Putnam et al.[7]	Congenital diaphragmatic hernia	Duration of surgery, mechanical ventilation, hospital stay, complications, mortality, recurrence	Minimally invasive approach (n=488) Open repair (n=2579)
Qin et al.[8]	Congenital diaphragmatic hernia	Intraoperative bleeding, incision length, operation duration, complications, mortality, recurrence	Thoracoscopic repair (n=26) Open repair (n=44)
Bawazir and Bawazir[9]	Congenital diaphragmatic hernia	Duration of surgery, mechanical ventilation, hospital stay, complications, mortality, recurrence	Thoracoscopic repair (n=11) Open repair (n=30)
Liu et al.[10]	Congenital diaphragmatic hernia	Duration of surgery, mechanical ventilation, hospital stay, shorter time to reach optimal feeding, complications, mortality, recurrence	Thoracoscopic repair (n=37) Open repair (n=13)
Li et al.[11]	Congenital diaphragmatic hernia	Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative mechanical ventilation time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative CCU admission time, complications, mortality, recurrence	Thoracoscopic repair (n=47) Open repair (n=62)
Budzanowski et al.[12]	Congenital diaphragmatic hernia	Mortality, recurrence	Thoracoscopic repair (n=6) Open repair (n=5)

CCU: Coronary care unit