Wolfe 2009.
Methods | Cluster‐RCT. Schools stratified by size (≥ 500 vs. < 500) and location (urban vs. rural) and randomly assigned to intervention or control | |
Participants | 1722 9th grade students (aged 14‐15 years; 52.8% girls, 47.2% boys) from 20 public schools, Canada | |
Interventions | Intervention: "Fourth R: Skills for Youth Relationships", incorporating personal safety and injury prevention, healthy growth and sexuality, and substance use and abuse. Sessions were integrated with core health lessons. A total of 21 75‐minute lessons were delivered by normal health teachers who had received 6 hours of additional training. 968 students Control: taught on the same topics but without the teachers having received any training or programme materials. 754 students |
|
Outcomes | Self reported physical dating violence, attitudes towards dating violence and negotiation skills, as measured by the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory | |
Follow‐up | 2.5 years post‐intervention | |
Notes | ‐ | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | Random sequence generated by tossing a coin |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | High risk | Coin toss allows investigators and participants to see their allocation |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | No loss to follow‐up (all 1722 students assigned to groups were included in analysis) |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | All outcomes reported fully (n and %) |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Blinding not possible. Teachers delivering intervention received some additional training. No mention of monitoring to assess adherence to protocol |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Not stated |