Wolford 1993.
Methods | RCT. Students randomly selected to participate in study as well as being randomly allocated to 1 of 3 intervention groups or control | |
Participants | 132 1st year undergraduate students (45.5% male, 54.4% female; ages not stated) at an urban university, USA | |
Interventions | Intervention 1: received a lecture programme. 27 students Intervention 2: received a video programme. 36 students Intervention 3: received a role play programme. 32 students Each intervention was delivered as a single session (duration unclear) Control: received no intervention. 37 students |
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Outcomes | Attitudes towards rape as measured by the General Attitudes Toward Rape Scale | |
Follow‐up | Immediate and 3‐4 months post‐test | |
Notes | ‐ | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Participants "randomly assigned" |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not stated |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Attrition rate not reported |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | Outcomes reported fully (number of participants, means and SDs) |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Blinding not possible. Facilitators were experienced in delivering these types of interventions but there is no mention of how adherence to protocol was monitored |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Not stated |