Anderson 2012.

Methods	Double‐blind, randomised, placebo‐controlled clinical trial Stastitical analysis: modified ITT
Participants	n = 210 methamphetamine‐dependent outpatients (DSM‐IV), 20 with ADHD, 7 alcohol dependents Mean age: 39 years Gender: 124 men Race: African‐American: 10, Caucasian: 148, Other: 52 Employed: not reported (NR) History: < 18 days of methamphetamine use during last month: 84, > 18 days of methamphetamine use during last month: 126, lifetime methamphetamine use: NR Route of methamphetamine use: NR
Interventions	Three parallel groups: 1. Modafinil 200 mg qd (fixed posology), N = 72 2. Modafinil 400 mg qd (fixed posology), N = 70 2. Placebo, N = 68 + CBT (36 sessions) + HIV counselling + motivational enhancement therapy (1 session) Duration: 12 weeks Multiple site (USA)
Outcomes	Amphetamine use assessed with three‐times‐weekly UA Sustained abstinence (defined as at least 3 weeks of continuous abstinence) Retention in treatment Craving Depressive symptoms assessed by means of HAM‐D Overall functioning assessed by means of CGI Dropouts due to adverse events
Notes	Author's affiliation: university and other public institutions Funding: public Assessment of compliance: self‐report, pill count, modafinil and metabolite in urine
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Adapative urn randomisation used
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Central allocation. Using telephone. Pharmacy controlled
Blinding (detection bias): Objective measures Objective measures	Low risk	Outcome or outcome measurement was not likely to be influenced by lack of blinding
Blinding (performance bias): Objective measures	Low risk	Given that the studied intervention has mild behavioural effects, it is unlikely that blinding was broken
Blinding (detection bias): Subjective measures Subjective measures	Low risk	Study medication and matched placebo have identical appearance. Blinding can be achieved when the study medication with mild behavioural effects (modafinil) is compared with placebo
Blinding (performance bias): Subjective measures	Low risk	Given that the studied intervention has mild behavioural effects, it is unlikely that blinding was broken
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias): Objective measures except retention in treatment or dropout Objective outcomes	High risk	High attrition in all study groups (globally 53%). Missing outcome data balanced in numbers across intervention groups. Reasons for dropping out not reported. Analysis performed without imputation methods
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias): Subjective measures Subjective measures	High risk	High attrition in all study groups (globally 53%). Missing outcome data balanced in numbers across intervention groups. Reasons for dropping out not reported. Analysis performed without imputation methods
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	The study protocol is available and the study report includes all outcomes
Other bias	Low risk	The study appears to be free of other sources of bias