Table 2.
Summary of the Joinpoint regression analysis for trends in suicide rates by rurality and deprivation for Japanese men and women aged 20 or above, 2009–2022
| Segment 1 | JP | (95% CI) | Segment 2 | JP | (95% CI) | Segment 3 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Period | APC | (95% CI) | Period | APC | (95% CI) | Period | APC | (95% CI) | |||||
| Men | |||||||||||||
| Ruralitya | |||||||||||||
| High | 2009–2017 | − 6.13* | (− 7.70 to − 5.30) | 2017 | (2014–2020) | 2017–2022 | − 0.61 | (− 2.73 to 4.42) | |||||
| Middle | 2009–2018 | − 5.37* | (− 5.99 to − 4.89) | 2018 | (2017–2019) | 2018–2022 | 0.31 | (− 1.60 to 3.48) | |||||
| Low | 2009–2017 | − 5.78* | (− 6.68 to − 5.00) | 2017 | (2011–2017) | 2017–2020 | − 2.31* | (− 6.14 to − 1.54) | 2020 | (2018–2020) | 2020–2022 | 3.04 | (− 0.24 to 5.14) |
| Deprivationb | |||||||||||||
| High | 2009–2017 | − 5.86* | (− 7.18 to − 4.63) | 2017 | (2011–2017) | 2017–2020 | − 2.34* | (− 6.79 to − 1.42) | 2020 | (2017–2020) | 2020–2022 | 3.27 | (− 0.39 to 5.85) |
| Middle | 2009–2016 | − 6.02* | (− 7.30 to − 5.05) | 2016 | (2011–2017) | 2016–2019 | − 3.23* | (− 6.38 to − 1.01) | 2019 | (2017–2020) | 2019–2022 | 1.14 | (− 0.78 to 3.87) |
| Low | 2009–2013 | − 4.53* | (− 5.24 to − 2.54) | 2013 | (2011–2015) | 2013–2018 | − 6.30* | (− 8.01 to − 5.65) | 2018 | (2017–2019) | 2018–2022 | 0.51 | (− 0.85 to 2.89) |
| Women | |||||||||||||
| Ruralitya | |||||||||||||
| High | 2009–2018 | − 5.59* | (− 6.30 to − 5.07) | 2018 | (2017–2019) | 2018–2022 | 2.06 | (− 0.48 to 6.22) | |||||
| Middle | 2009–2011 | 0.27 | (− 3.77 to 5.38) | 2011 | (2011–2015) | 2011–2019 | − 5.24* | (− 8.79 to − 4.71) | 2019 | (2018–2020) | 2019–2022 | 6.78* | (1.91 to 14.77) |
| Low | 2009–2011 | 1.65 | (− 3.99 to 9.29) | 2011 | (2011–2014) | 2011–2018 | − 6.36* | (− 11.57 to − 5.30) | 2018 | (2016–2020) | 2018–2022 | 4.40* | (0.38 to 13.91) |
| Deprivationb | |||||||||||||
| High | 2009–2011 | − 2.34 | (− 6.00 to 2.23) | 2011 | (2011–2016) | 2011–2018 | − 6.04* | (− 9.47 to − 3.28) | 2018 | (2017–2020) | 2018–2022 | 3.83* | (0.84 to 9.51) |
| Middle | 2009–2011 | − 0.04 | (− 4.31 to 4.65) | 2011 | (2011–2015) | 2011–2018 | − 6.19* | (− 9.58 to − 5.35) | 2018 | (2016–2019) | 2018–2022 | 3.30* | (0.35 to 8.46) |
| Low | 2009–2011 | 2.19 | (− 1.87 to 5.07) | 2011 | (2011–2012) | 2011–2018 | − 6.24* | (− 7.56 to − 5.64) | 2018 | (2017–2019) | 2018–2022 | 4.31* | (2.02 to 7.63) |
APC annual percentage change, JP joinpoint
*p-value < 0.05
aRurality level was calculated based on the population density in 2020 of the 47 prefectures: the 1st tertile refers to high level, the 2nd refers to middle level, and the 3rd refers to low level
bDeprivation level was calculated based on the Per capita prefectural income in 2019 of the 47 prefectures: the 1st tertile refers to high level, the 2nd refers to middle level, and the 3rd refers to low level