Table 1.

World Health Organization (WHO)–Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) data components. EHR = electronic health record.

SDoH concept	WHO–SDoH domains	Common EHR representations
Economic Stability	Income, employment, financial resources, and basic needs	Employment status field; Insurance type; ZIP code (proxy for area-level socioeconomic status); Financial resource strain screening questions; Housing instability screening
Neighborhood and Built Environment	Neighborhood (zip code), transportation, food access, environmental conditions	Patient address/ZIP code; Transportation needs screening; Food insecurity screening; Environmental exposure history
Health and Health Care	Insurance status (type, coverage, payer, provider), behavioral and mental health	Insurance information fields; Primary care provider; Mental health screening results; Substance use screening; Medication adherence data
Education	Attainment, level, language	Education level field; Primary language field; Need for interpreter services; Health literacy screening
Social and Community Context	Race/ethnicity, connections, marital status	Race/ethnicity fields; Marital status; Social support screening questions; Domestic violence screening; Sexual orientation and gender identity fields