Figure 5.

The structure of bone and the interactions between cortical and trabecular (cancellous) bone, along with key cells in bone remodeling. Cortical bone is the compact outer layer and cancellous or spongy bone inside. The process shows how remodeling occurs in response to loading and unloading. Bone forming osteoblasts are activated, whereas old bone resorbing cells called osteoclasts get deactivated. Osteocytes, descendants of osteoblasts, support bone tissue and lining cells cover inactive areas on bones. These cells are regulated by signaling molecules to maintain the balance between bone formation and resorption. ⁸⁵ This figure is taken from article which can be distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).