Table II.

Outcome of superficial truncal ablation in patients with deep vein reflux

First author, year	Patients/limbs	Intervention	Comparison	Outcomes	Study design
Sales, 199669	17 patients (C2-C6)	HL&S phlebectomy, perforator vein ligation	None	94% (16/17) resolution of DVR at a mean of 62 days (range, 4-278 days)	Retrospective review
Puggioni, 200370	33/38 (C1-C6)	HL&S or RFA, perforator ligation, sclerotherapy	None	24% (9/38) had complete resolution, 32% (19/59 segments) had segmental resolution of DVR	Retrospective review
Knipp, 200871	364/460 (C1-C6)	EVLA ± phlebectomy ± perforator ligation (311 limbs with DVR)	EVLA ± phlebectomy ± perforator ligation (132 limbs without DVR)	Improvement (VCSS) was independent of DVR. DVR had no effect on EHIT, thrombophlebitis, paresthesias, saphenous occlusion rates or bruising	Retrospective review
Kim, 201772	100/139	RFA ± stab avulsions ± perforator ligation (43 limbs with DVR)	RFA ± stab avulsions ± perforator ligation (96 limbs without DVR)	DVR improved (all) or resolved (30.2%) with superficial venous ablation. DVR did not impact symptom/QOL improvement after superficial venous ablation	Retrospective review
Nishibe, 202073	154/223 (C2 disease)	RFA, 74 limbs (33.2%) with DVR	RFA 80 limbs without DVR	DVR was reduced to 29 limbs (13%, P < .01) by RFA. Deep vein diameters were also reduced.	Retrospective review
Brown, 202174	4881 patients (C2-C6)	RFA or EVLA 2254 patients (46.2%) with DVR	RFA or EVLA 2627 patients (53.8%) without DVR	No difference in symptom improvement between groups. Greater improvement in VCSS score in patients with DVR. These patients also had increased rate of complications, particularly in proximal thrombus extension (3.1% vs 1.1%; P < .001)	Retrospective review of the Vascular Quality Initiative registry

DVR, Deep vein reflux; EHIT, endothermal heat induced thrombosis; EVLA, endovenous laser ablation; HL&S, high ligation and stripping; QOL, quality of life; RFA, radiofrequency ablation; VCSS, Venous Clinical Severity Score.