| Marchiori A et al, 200218
|
1) Symptomatic thrombophlebitis of the GSV, 2) confirmed by ultrasonography, 3) proximal (ie, above-knee) venous system. |
1) Under 18 years, 2) thrombotic involvement of the SFJ (<1 cm from the junction), 3) concomitant DVT, 4) previous DVT not followed by complete, ultrasound-confirmed recanalization, 5) clinical suspicion of PE, 6) previous thigh SVT, 7) congenital or acquired bleeding disorders, 8) known hypersensitivity or contraindications to heparin, 9) anticoagulant therapy ongoing or required for concomitant diseases, 10) body weight <50 kg, 11) pregnancy. |
SVT within 1 cm of the SFJ excluded |
| STENOX, 200319
|
|
1) 2 or more SVT, 2) SVT following sclerotherapy, 3) DVT on initial DUS, 4) documented PE, 5) pregnant, breastfeeding, or not using contraception (if women of childbearing age), 6) known thrombophilia, 7) uncontrolled arterial hypertension (systolic blood pressure >180 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure >110 mm Hg, or both), 8) previous or active peptic ulcer, 9) bacterial endocarditis, stroke within the previous 3 months, 10) other conditions favoring hemorrhage, 11) history of hypersensitivity to heparins, 12) heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, 13) hypersensitivity to paracetamol or NSAIDs, 14) serum creatinine concentration above 1.81 mg/dL (>160 μmol/L), 15) platelet count below 100×103/μL, 16) prothrombin ratio below 60%, 17) contraindication to elastic bandages or support stockings, 18) patients who required anticoagulant therapy, 19) patients who required ligation of the SFJ, 20) patients who required thrombectomy 21) received any type of anticoagulant therapy or NSAIDs for more than 48 hours |
Those who required ligation or full therapeutic anticoagulation excluded |
| Lozano FS et al, 200320
|
1) Internal saphenous thrombophlebitis above the knee close to its junction with the femoral vein 2) met the basic selection requirements for patients eligible for outpatient treatment of DVT. 3) underwent echo-Doppler (to determine the extension of SVT and the condition of the deep venous system lower limbs) |
|
SVT with thrombus close to the junction included |
| Prandoni P et al (VESALIO), 200521
|
1) Recent (<10 days) clinical symptoms suggestive of acute SVT of the legs 2) a thrombus involving the GSV and extending up to 3 cm from the SFJ confirmed by ultrasonography, 3) the contemporary presence of DVT excluded by ultrasonography |
1) Younger than 18 years, 2) pregnant, 3) received saphenectomy, 4) a history of previous (<1 year) SVT in the affected leg, 5) concurrent or previous VTE, 6) congenital or acquired bleeding disorders contraindicating heparin treatment, 7) thrombocytopenia (platelet count <100×109/L), 8) ongoing anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy for other indications, 9) received full-dose anticoagulants for more than 48 h, 10) known thrombophilia, 11) known hypersensitivity to heparin or derivatives, 12) active gastro-duodenal ulcer, 13) active cancer, 14) severe renal insufficiency (serum creatinine level >180 mmol/L), 15) severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure >160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg), 16) previous hemorrhagic stroke or a recent (<1 month) ischemic stroke. |
SVT within 3 cm of the SFJ excluded |
| Decousus H et al (CALISTO), 201022
|
1) 18 years of age or older, 2) acute, symptomatic lower-limb SVT. 3) at least 5 cm long confirmed by ultrasonography |
1) More than 3 weeks between the onset of symptoms and randomization, 2) treated for cancer within the previous 6 months, 3) symptomatic or asymptomatic DVT, symptomatic documented PE, 4) SVT associated with sclerotherapy or placement of an intravenous catheter, 5) within 3 cm of the SFJ, 6) history of SVT within the previous 3 months, 7) DVT or PE within the previous 6 months, 8) received an antithrombotic agent for more than 48 hours (other than aspirin at a dose ≤325 mg per day), 9) received NSAID for more than 72 hours as treatment for the current episode of SVT, 10) if, in the investigator's opinion, required ligation of the SPJ or stripping of varicose veins, 11) major surgery within the previous 3 months, 12) conditions that could confer a predisposition to bleeding, including severe hepatic impairment, a creatinine clearance of less than 30 ml per minute, and a platelet count of less than 100,000 per cubic millimeter, 13) pregnant or not using a reliable contraceptive method. |
SVT within 3 cm of the SFJ excluded |
| Rathbun SW et al, 201223
|
1) SVT of the lower or upper extremities, objectively confirmed by ultrasound, 2) absence of a current intravenous catheter |
1) Receiving anticoagulant therapy, including warfarin, heparin or LMWH for > 24 hour duration 2) concurrent DVT, 3) active, clinically significant bleeding, 4) known hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, heparin or derivatives, 5) currently pregnant or <1 week post-partum, 6) a history of a bleeding gastric or duodenal ulcer in the past year, 7) a history of a hemorrhagic cerebrovascular event in past year, 8) platelet count <100000, 9) known inherited or an acquired bleeding disorder, 10) serum creatinine >2 mg/dL, 11) blood pressure >180/110 at the time of enrollment, 12) weight <40 kg or >135 kg, 13) unable to return for repeat diagnostic testing or follow-up visits. |
Not reported |
| Cosmi B et al (STEFLUX), 201224
|
1) Age >18 years, 2) weight above 50 kg and <130 kg, 3) SVT of the GSV or short saphenous vein or their collaterals at least 4 cm in length, 4) an ability to provide informed consent |
1) SVT within 3 cm of the SFJ or SPJ, 2) documented proximal or distal DVT or PE, 3) SVT secondary to sclerotherapy, 4) pregnancy or puerperium, 5) uncontrolled arterial hypertension (systolic pressure >180 mmHg and diastolic pressure >110 mmHg), 6) active peptic ulcer, 7) bacterial endocarditis, stroke in the previous 3 months, 8) hemorrhagic diathesis, thrombocytopenia (platelets <100000/μL), 9) hypersensitivity to heparin or a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, 10) creatinine >2 mg/dL (>180 μmol/L), 11) heparin therapy (any dose) or anticoagulant therapy for more than 72 hours, 12) in-hospital development of SVT, 13) previous saphenectomy, 14) surgery in the previous 30 days, 15) serious liver disease, 16) use of dextran, mannitol, thrombolytic treatment, 17) chronic use of NSAIDs, 18) active cancer or undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy (except adjuvant hormonal therapy), 19) thrombectomy of superficial vein involved, 20) refusal to give informed consent. |
SVT within 3 cm of SFJ or SPJ excluded |
| Spirkoska A et al, 201525
|
1) Ultrasonographically confirmed first symptomatic presentation, 2) acute SVT of lower extremities (<5 days after the onset of the symptoms), 3) ultrasonographically confirmed thrombus length of at least 10 cm in the GSV, SSV, or major tributaries of the GSV, 4) body weight 65 to 90 kg, 5) age 18 to 85 years. |
1) Concomitant DVT and/or PE, 2) thrombosis extending closer than 5 cm to the SFJ or 3 cm to the SPJ, 3) inability to objectively confirm the diagnosis,4) history of previous venous thromboembolism (DVT, PE, or SVT), 5) secondary vein thrombosis as a consequence of previous trauma or intravenous access, 6) contraindications for anticoagulant treatment, 7) thrombocytopenia (<100 × 109/l), 8) previous or recent malignancy, sepsis, autoimmune disorders, pregnancy, hormone therapy, 9) hepatic or renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate <50 ml/min/1.73 m2), 10) receiving anti-inflammatory treatment (except aspirin ≤100 mg/ day). |
SVT within 5 cm of the SFJ or 3 cm of SPJ excluded |
| Beyer-Westendorf J et al (SURPRISE), 201714
|
1) Symptomatic SVT involving a 5 cm or longer segment, 2) confirmed by ultrasound 3) superficial vein above the knee, With at least one of the following risk factors for VTE: - older than 65 years, - male sex, - previous SVT or DVT or PE, - active cancer or history of cancer, - autoimmune disease, - involvement of non-varicose veins. |
1) Symptoms for >3 weeks, 2) SVT within 3 cm of the SFJ, 3) treated for the index event for more than 3 days with therapeutic doses of anticoagulants or for >5 days with prophylactic doses, 4) concomitant DVT or another indication for full-dose anticoagulation, 5) severe hepatic disease associated with a coagulopathy, 6) creatinine clearance <30 mL per min, 7) contraindications to anticoagulant treatment. |
SVT within 3 cm of SFJ excluded |
| Kearon C et al, 202026
|
1) Symptomatic SVT of the leg, 2) at least 5 cm length diagnosed on clinical grounds, with or without, confirmatory findings on an ultrasound examination. |
1) <18 years, 2) symptoms present for more than 42 days, 3) receiving or needs to receive an anticoagulant for another indication, 4) SVT has already been treated with >3 days of anticoagulant therapy, 5) SVT judged to require a course of anticoagulant therapy or surgical management, 6) proximal DVT or PE within the past 12 months, 7) SVT associated with sclerotherapy or an intravenous cannula, 8) high risk for bleeding, 9) creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min, 10) on a medication that is expected to interact importantly with rivaroxaban. |
Those who required surgical management or full therapeutic anticoagulation excluded |
| Ascer E et al, 199527
|
|
|
SVT with thrombus close to the junction included |
| Gorty S et al, 200428
|
|
1) Incomplete records, 2) lack of follow-up, 3) chronic SVT. |
Not reported |
| Decousus H et al (POST), 20105
|
1) 18 years or older, 2) symptomatic lower-limb SVT, 3) confirmed by ultrasonography, 4) more than 5 cm in length on ultrasonography. |
1) Surgery in the previous 10 days, 2) sclerotherapy in the previous 30 days, 3) follow-up not considered feasible. |
Not reported |
| Sartori M et al, 201629
|
|
1) Younger than 18 years, 2) pregnant or in puerperium, 3) with established diagnosis of concomitant DVT or symptoms attributable to PE, 4) with life expectancy of <3 months, 5) undergoing radiotherapy or chemotherapy, 6) clinical or laboratory findings compatible with disseminated intravascular coagulation, sepsis, 7) clinical or laboratory findings compatible with liver cirrhosis, 8) chronic renal failure with creatinine clearance <30 ml/min, 9) treated with anticoagulant agents other than LMWH, 10) SVT located within 3 cm of the SFJ. |
SVT within 3 cm of the SFJ excluded |
| Samuelson B et al, 201630
|
1) ICD-9-CM diagnosis code of venous thrombosis, 2) between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2010, 3) isolated SVT: no evidence of a DVT or PE, 4) medical chart documentation of either ultrasound evidence of a superficial vein clot or a clinical description of SVT, 5) review by second physician reviewer to confirm the diagnosis of SVT. |
Not indicated |
Not reported |
| Blin P et al, 201731
|
1) Acute symptomatic spontaneous isolated SVT of the lower limbs, 2) confirmed by compression ultrasonography |
1) SVT secondary to sclerotherapy or a venous catheter, 2) concomitant DVT or PE, 3) anticoagulant use for another reason than SVT, 4) clinical trial inclusion. |
Not reported |
| Barco S et al (ICARO), 201732
|
1) Acute symptomatic isolated SVT diagnosed on compression B-mode ultrasound or echo-color Doppler, 2) previously included in the cross-sectional ICARO study, 3) with available follow-up of a minimum of 30 days. |
1) Presence of signs or symptoms of PE and/or an established diagnosis of PE, 2) detection of concomitant DVT, 3) follow-up duration of <30 days. |
Not reported |
| Gouveia S et al, 201833
|
|
|
SVT within 3 cm of the SFJ excluded |
| Geersing GJ et al, 20183
|
1) ICPC code of SVT in addition to automated ‘free text searching’ in all patient contacts using a variety of synonyms for SVT, 2) the GP clearly described signs and symptoms related to a new SVT diagnosis, |
1) Findings were not clearly reported; 2) SVT was only considered in differential diagnosis but finally ‘ruled-out’ (not managed accordingly) by the general practitioner, 3) SVT was part of a patient’s medical history rather than related to current and new complaints. |
Not reported |
| Karathanos C et al (SeVEN), 202134
|
1) Aged 18 years 2) symptomatic SVT of the legs, 3) thrombus length 5 cm confirmed by DUS, 4) duration of symptoms less than 10 days. |
1) Proximal extension of the SVT <3 cm from the SFJ or SPJ, 2) history of DVT or PE within the last 6 months, 3) SVT after sclerotherapy, 4) placement of an intravenous catheter within the past 1 month, 5) body mass index >35 kg/m2 , 6) receiving medication that affects blood coagulation (acetylsalicylic acid, vitamin K antagonists, dextrane), 7) subjected to spinal or epidural anesthesia within 48 hours prior to study inclusion, 8) history of major surgery within last 3 months, 9) history of cerebral surgery, trauma and/or bleeding within last 1 month. |
SVT within 3 cm of the SFJ or SPJ excluded |
| Karathanos C et al (SeVEN), 202335
|
1) Aged 18 years2) symptomatic SVT of the legs, 3) thrombus length 5 cm confirmed by DUS, 4) duration of symptoms less than 10 days. |
1) Proximal extension of the SVT <3 cm from the saphenofemoral or saphenopoplitelal junction, 2) history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) within the last 6 months, 3) SVT after sclerotherapy, 4) placement of an intravenous catheter within the past 1 month, 5) body mass index >35 kg/m2, 6) receiving medication that affect blood coagulation (acetylsalicylic acid, vitamin K antagonists, dextrane), 7) subjected to spinal or epidural anaesthesia within 48 hours prior to study inclusion, 8) history of major surgery within last 3 months, 9) history of cerebral surgery, trauma and/or bleeding within last 1 month. |
SVT within 3 cm of the SFJ or SPJ excluded |
| Clapham R et al, 202236
|
|
1) Thrombus within 3 cm of SFJ, 2) conservative management, 3) treatment with alternative antiocoagulant, 4) treatment interrupted due to other conditions. |
SVT within 3 cm of the SFJ excluded |
| Casian D et al., 202237
|
1) Clinical manifestations of SVT and varicose veins of lower limbs, 2) age 18 years or more, 3) first episode of SVT confirmed by DUS, 4) duration of SVT symptoms ≤14 days. |
1) Ipsilateral or contralateral lower limb DVT, 2) SVT of non-varicose veins, 3) SVT associated to treatment of varicose veins (thermal ablation, sclerotherapy), 4) administration of any anticoagulants for more than 48 hours. |
Not reported |
| Rabe E et al (INSIGHTS-SVT), 202338
|
1) Objectively confirmed acute isolated SVT of the lower extremities, 2) concomitant DVT excluded by compression ultrasound or duplex sonography, 3) no symptoms of PE. |
1) Proximal extension of SVT located ≤3 cm from the SFJ, 2) unlikely to comply with the study’s protocol due to cognitive or language limitations, 3) unlikely to be available for 12-month follow-up. |
SVT within 3 cm of the SFJ excluded |
