Table 3.

Papillomavirus.

Year	Sample	Assay	Viral target type	Outcome	Reference
2014	52 FFPE tumour tissue	nPCR, chromogenic in situ hybridisation and IHC	DNA (L1 gene), Protein (L1 protein)	12 samples were positive for HPV, with 9 positive for HPV-6 and 3 positive for HPV-16. All HPV positive samples were positive for L1 protein	Vidone et al. [207]
2015	31 FFPE and 8 frozen GB tumours	qPCR, IHC	DNA (HPV16, E6 gene; HPV18, L1 gene), Protein (HPV L1 protein)	8/39 GB tumours were positive for HPV DNA, out of which 6 were positive for HPV-16 and 2 were positive for HPV-18 Only 3 HPV positive samples were used in IHC and they are all positive for L1 protein	Hashida et al. [156]