Table 3.

Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression results examining the mixture of 15 ${\mathrm{PM}}_{2.5}$ components on neurocognitive performance in 9- to 10-year-old participants from the ABCD Study cohort ($n=\mathrm{8,589}$), 2016–2018.

Outcome	Estimatea	Standard error	$p$-Value
General cognitive ability	$-3.510\times {10}^{-2}$	$1.17\times {10}^{-2}$	0.003**
Learning & memory	$-4.506\times {10}^{-2}$	$1.381\times {10}^{-2}$	0.001**
Executive function	$-3.109\times {10}^{-2}$	$1.445\times {10}^{-2}$	0.031*

Note: PM, particulate matter.

^a Estimates are per 1-unit increase in the WQS index, reflected as an $\sim 1$ decile increase in all PM components. WQS regression models of the 15 PM components, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, overall household income, perceived neighborhood safety, urbanicity, physical activity, and daily screen average hours and site.  Significance levels:  *indicates $p$ < 0.05; **indicates $p$ < 0.01.