Table 1.
Baseline data and AAOCA characteristics of the study cohort
| N | All | Prepulmonic | Subpulmonic | Interarterial | Retroaortic | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 390 | N = 25 | N = 24 | N = 122 | N = 219 | P-valuea | ||
| Demographics | |||||||
| Age (years) | 390 | 64.0 (55.0–74.0) | 71.0 (64.0–78.0) | 67.5 (61.0–79.2) | 63.0 (53.2–72.0) | 64.0 (55.5–75.0) | 0.045 |
| Male gender | 390 | 285 (73.1) | 18 (72.0) | 18 (75.0) | 86 (70.5) | 163 (74.4) | 0.878 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | |||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 369 | 26.4 (23.9–30.3) | 29.4 (25.0–32.8) | 25.2 (23.1–29.2) | 6.0 (23.6–29.2) | 26.8 (24.0–30.4) | 0.119 |
| Former/current smoker | 386 | 212 (54.9) | 12 (48.0) | 9 (40.9) | 68 (56.7) | 123 (56.2) | 0.473 |
| Hypertension | 387 | 211 (54.5) | 19 (76.0) | 9 (39.1) | 65 (53.7) | 118 (54.1) | 0.075 |
| Dyslipidemia/statin | 383 | 175 (45.7) | 14 (56.0) | 8 (34.8) | 57 (47.9) | 96 (44.4) | 0.468 |
| Diabetes | 381 | 75 (19.7) | 6 (25.0) | 6 (26.1) | 18 (15.0) | 45 (21.0) | 0.351 |
| Heredity | 382 | 62 (16.2) | 4 (16.7) | 5 (21.7) | 15 (12.5) | 38 (17.7) | 0.513 |
| Initial presentation | |||||||
| No symptom | 378 | 53 (14.0) | 1 (4.0) | 3 (12.5) | 27 (22.7) | 22 (10.5) | 0.010 |
| Silent ischemia | 390 | 32 (8.2) | 1 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (13.1) | 15 (6.8) | <0.001 |
| Atypical chest pain | 348 | 39 (11.2) | 9 (37.5) | 2 (9.1) | 10 (9.3) | 18 (9.3) | 0.003 |
| Stable angina | 350 | 66 (18.9) | 3 (13.0) | 3 (13.6) | 24 (21.4) | 36 (18.7) | 0.787 |
| NSTEMI | 356 | 90 (25.3) | 5 (20.8) | 5 (22.7) | 25 (22.5) | 55 (27.6) | 0.715 |
| STEMI | 348 | 48 (13.8) | 2 (8.7) | 4 (18.2) | 15 (13.6) | 27 (14.0) | 0.832 |
| Dyspnea | 360 | 116 (32.2) | 11 (45.8) | 9 (37.5) | 28 (25.2) | 68 (33.8) | 0.167 |
| Palpitations | 346 | 37 (10.7) | 4 (17.4) | 2 (9.1) | 10 (9.2) | 21 (10.9) | 0.649 |
| Dizziness | 346 | 30 (8.7) | 2 (8.7) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (8.3) | 19 (9.9) | 0.569 |
| Syncope | 346 | 8 (2.3) | 1 (4.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.8) | 5 (2.6) | 0.762 |
| Sudden cardiac arrest | 345 | 4 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (2.1) | 0.601 |
| AAOCA | 390 | – | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left main | 43 (11.0) | 16 (64.0) | 18 (75.0) | 2 (1.6) | 7 (3.2) | ||
| LAD artery | 13 (3.3) | 7 (28.0) | 6 (25.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Circumflex artery | 212 (54.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 212 (96.8) | ||
| Right coronary artery | 122 (31.3) | 2 (8.0) | 0 (0.0) | 120 (98.4) | 0 (0.0) |
Results are expressed as n (%) or median (interquartile range).
AAOCA, anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery; LAD, left anterior descending; NSTEMI, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI, ST elevation myocardial infarction.
a
Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables and Chi-squared test or exact Fisher test for categorical variables.