Table 2.

Normative data and respondent mean on the Area of Work–Life Survey (n = 261).

Six areas of work–life	Mean (SD)		95% CI difference	p value	Effect size (Cohen's d )
	Normative data ( n = 22,582)	Current study ( n = 261)
Control	3.31 (0.80)	3.58 (0.84)	0.17–0.36	0.001⁣∗	0.33
Workload	2.96 (0.86)	2.65 (0.81)	−0.41 to −0.20	0.001⁣∗	0.37
Reward	3.19 (0.89)	3.26 (0.94)	−0.03 to 0.17	0.206	0.07
Community	3.38 (0.84)	3.57 (0.83)	0.08–0.29	0.002⁣∗	0.23
Fairness	2.78 (0.80)	3.10 (0.88)	0.22–0.41	0.001⁣∗	0.38
Values	3.24 (0.86)	3.60 (0.85)	0.25–0.46	0.001⁣∗	0.42

⁣^∗Significant at < 0.05.