Fig. 1.

Step-by-step LSO approach in an anatomical specimen (right side). ( A ) A curvilinear incision (white dashed line) extends from the level of the lateral canthus to midline behind the hairline. A pterional (red dashed line) and a mini-pterional (yellow dashed line) incisions are demonstrated as comparison. ( B ) A myocutaneous flap is developed and secured as anteriorly as possible with fishhooks, exposing the zygomatic process of the frontal bone. ( C ) A burr hole and craniotomy (white dashed line) is created. A pterional (green shaded area) and a mini-pterional (orange shaded area) craniotomies are illustrated for comparison. ( D ) The sphenoid wing is drilled extensively (white dashed line indicates area covered by the right sphenoid wing). Abbreviation: LSO, lateral supraorbital.