TABLE 10.

Skin microbiota related to development of diabetes.

No	Studies	Outcomes	References
1	Observe and compare the skin microbiome on the feet in 4 groups, healthy patients, diabetes sufferers <2 years, diabetes sufferers 5–8 years, diabetes sufferers >10 years	• The diversity in the foot of diabetic patients progressively rises with time in correlation with the length of the condition, when compared to control subjects • The foot skin microbiome of diabetes patients throughout a 2-year timeframe is primarily composed of Parvarchaeota, Chloroflexi, Euryarchaeota, Gemmatimonadetes, OP11, OD1, Elusimicrobia, TM6, Planctomycetes, OP3, and Firmicutes • The foot skin microbiome of diabetes patients with a duration of 5–8 years is primarily composed of Actinobacteria, Armatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, Cyanobacteria, Thermi, and Tenericutes • The foot skin microbiome of diabetes individuals who have had the condition for more than 10 years is primarily composed of Nitrospirae, Fusobacteria, Thermotogae, Aquificae, SR1, Chlamydiae, Spirochaetes, WPS-2, Acidobacteria, Crenarchaeota, and Proteobacteria	Pang et al. (2020)
2	Observational and case controlled study	• S. epidermidis was significantly more prevalent in the diabetic group compared to the non-diabetic group (77.5% vs. 53.7% of samples) • Bacillus species were significantly less prevalent in the diabetes group compared to non-diabetes (15.0% vs. 34.1% of samples) • The growth of S. epidermidis measured by CFU was significantly higher in the diabetic group than in the non-diabetic group • Patients with T2D are 5.40 times more at risk of experiencing heavy colonization from s epidermidis	Thimmappaiah Jagadeesh et al. (2017)