TABLE 2.

Left heart disease (LHD) comorbidity staging

	Mild	Moderate	Severe
Obesity	30–35 kg·m−2	35–40 kg·m−2	>40 kg·m−2
Systemic hypertension	Treated ≤2 drugs	Treated >3 drugs	Uncontrolled
Diabetes	Insulin resistance/pre-diabetes	Type 2 diabetes	Type 2 diabetes with vascular complications
Coronary artery disease	Single vessel disease	NSTEMI Multiple vessels disease Multiple percutaneous interventions Single episode of SCA	CABG (any time) Repeated SCA STEMI Symptomatic Persistent ischaemia Diffuse disease
Arrhythmia	Single episode of atrial arrhythmia Absence of AF at diagnosis	Repeated episodes of Afl/AF ≥1 treatment for arrhythmia	Permanent Afl/AF Ventricular arrhythmias Repeated ablation Implantation of pacemaker/ ICD CRT
PAD	Asymptomatic large vessels atheromatosis	Nonsignificant stenosis (carotid, femoral) Previous single percutaneous intervention	Previous surgery for large vessels disease Stage 2b PAD

	Low	Intermediate	High
Combined LHD comorbidities	≥1 mild-stage LHD comorbidity	>1 moderate-stage LHD comorbidity or ≥3 mild-stage LHD comorbidities	>1 severe-stage LHD comorbidity

PAD: peripheral arterial disease; NSTEMI: non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; SCA: sudden cardiac arrest; CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; AF: atrial fibrillation; Afl: atrial flutter; ICD: implantable cardioverter defibrillator; CRT: cardiac resynchronisation therapy.