Table 1.

Definitions for various interpretations of co-infection, co-exposure, and co-detection.

Term	Definition
Co-infection	Co-infection refers to the simultaneous development and proliferation of multiple pathogens within the host, which may exacerbate the severity and duration of one or both diseases (Segen, 2011).
Co-exposure	Co-exposure is defined as the presence of antibodies to multiple pathogens in a host, which may occur as a result of simultaneous or sequential exposure.
Co-detection	Co-detection occurs when DNA/proteins of different pathogens are identified or detected by molecular techniques without knowing if the pathogens are alive or dead.