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Injectability of bulking agents formulated with microparticles prepared using the conventional (UcPH and ZcPH) and MF methods (UcPH-MF and ZcPH-MF), and quantified based on compression forces obtained by the motorized force tester. The lines with symbols represent the applied loads during injections, while the solid straight lines represent the baseline forces calculated to yield the injection forces without any disturbances.
