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. 2024 Dec 16;12(35):6815–6825. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i35.6815

Table 1.

Main characteristics of the included studies in this review

Ref.
Picca et al[19], 2020
Van Tongeren et al[16], 2005
Xu et al[17], 2021
Lim et al[18], 2021
Zhang et al[22], 2020
Margiotta et al[20], 2020
Ticinesi et al[26], 2017
Haran et al[24], 2018
Haran et al[23], 2021
Larson et al[25], 2020
Zhang et al[21], 2022
Study design CSS CSS CSS CSS CSS CSS CCS CHS CHS CHS CSS
Participants Samples 35
23
94
176

27

64

76

23

166

47
181
Age (years) > 70 70-100 80.7 ± 5.7 74.7 81.63 ± 7.90 ≥ 65 83.3 ± 7.5 ≥ 65 86.2 ± 9.1 > 65 ≥ 65
Male/female 20/15 4/19 44/50 54/122 17/10 43/21 39/37 23 30/136 47 72/109
Genetic analysis 16S rRNA V3-V4 Fluorescence in situ hybri


dization
16sRNA V3-V4 16S rRNA 16S rRNA 16sRNA V3-V4 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing metagenomic sequencing metagenomic sequencing 16sRNA V3-V4
Frailty diagnosis Short physical performance battery Groningen Frailty Indicator Fried's definition Frailty index Rockwood Frailty Index Fried’s Frailty Phenotype Rockwood Index CFS CFS Rockwood Index Frailty Phenotype
Outcome measurement
α-diversity, β-diversity, family level, genus level Genus level, species level α-diversity, β-diversity, phylum level, genus level α-diversity, genus level, dpecies level α-diversity, β-diversity, phylum level, family level, genus level α-diversity, phylum level, genus level α-diversity, β-diversity
β-diversity, species level
α-diversity, β-diversity, species level Genus level, species level β-diversity, phylum level, genus level

CSS: Cross-sectional study: CCS: Case-control study; CHS: Cohort study; CFS: Clinical Frailty Scale.