Table 5: Cancer-Associated Occupational Exposures.
The 2017 Environmental Health Survey used community-based participatory action research strategies and snowball sampling of 100 adults in Knights Landing, California. Categorical data are presented as the proportion of respondents with 95% binomial confidence intervals (CI) and numerical data are presented as mean with CI. These survey questions were developed primarily from an agricultural health survey adapted to this community by promotora-researchers, so they are not comparable to data regularly collected by public health agencies.
| Cancer-Associated Occupational Exposures | Environmental Health Survey | |
|---|---|---|
|
Sample (n)= adults in Knights
Landing recruitment zones | ||
| % or Mean | 95% CI | |
| On an average working day, how many hours do you spend outside? (n=82) # | ||
| Up to 1 hour | 23% | (14, 32) |
| 2 hours to 5 hours | 20% | (11, 29) |
| 5 hours to 9 hours | 18% | (10, 26) |
| 10 hours to 15 hours | 39% | (28, 50) |
| If over an hour is spent outside at work, how often do you use sun protection? (n=80) | ||
| More than half of the time | 53% | (42, 64) |
| Half or less of the time | 19% | (10, 28) |
| Rarely or never | 29% | (19, 39) |
| Ever worked in an agricultural setting? (n=100) | ||
| Yes | 70% | (60, 79) |
| Mean number of years worked in agricultural setting (n=59) | 12 | (9, 15) |
| Ever handled pesticides at work? (n=97) | ||
| Yes | 24% | (16, 33) |
| Mean number of years handling pesticides (n=18) | 8 | (4, 12) |
| If ever handled pesticides at work, how often protective clothing was used? (n=23) | ||
| More than half the time | 65% | (43, 84) |
| Half or less than half the time | 17% | ((5, 39) |
| Rarely or never | 17% | (5, 39) |
| If ever handled pesticides at work, on days you handled, did you change your clothes or shoes before entering your home? (n=21) | ||
| Yes | 81% | (58, 95) |
| If ever handled pesticides at work, did you receive pesticide safety training in past year? (n=23) | ||
| Yes | 78% | (56, 93) |
| If received training (n=18), was the training in native language? Yes | 89% | (65, 99) |
| If received training (n=18), was training offered by an entity unrelated to the employer? Yes | 89% | (65, 99) |
| If ever handled pesticides at work, ever been to the doctor for pesticide exposure? (n=23) | ||
| Yes | 9% | (1, 28) |
During survey administration of questions about sun exposure, promotora-researchers expanded the concept of “working day” beyond employment leading to 82 respondents which is greater than the 63 respondents who reported employment (Table 3). Promotora-researcher’s choice allowed inclusion of participants who volunteer, home-makers, or retired people who conduct substantial work on their own rural properties.