Table 3.

Perioperative chatbot engagement.

Clinical variable	Total texts sent		Texts sent before surgery		Texts sent after surgery
	Mean (standard deviation)	P-value	Mean (standard deviation)	P-value	Mean (standard deviation)	P-value
Medicaid
Yes	9.7 (13.9)	.0309	1.6 (3.3)	.3323	8.1 (12.1)	.0101
No	12.5 (12.2)		1.2 (2.0)		11.3 (11.5)
Ethnicity
Hispanic	13.3 (14.6)	.5185	1.3 (2.1)	.3501	12.2 (13.9)	.342
Not Hispanic	12.3 (12.1)		1.1 (1.7)		11.0 (11.4)
White
White	12.4 (12.2)	.9067	1.3 (2.0)	.7598	11.1 (11.5)	.947
Non-white	12.5 (14.0)		1.3 (2.8)		11.2 (1.3)
English speaking
Yes	12.3 (16.6)	.9589	1.3 (2.1)	.1096	11.1 (11.4)	.761
No	12.2 (12.1)		0.8 (1.2)		11.5 (16.0)
Gender
Female	14.0 (13.3)	<.0001	1.4 (2.0)	.0074	12.6 (12.6)	<.0001
Male	10.0 (10.3)		1.1 (2.3)		8.9 (9.5)
Surgery
TKA	15.1 (13.5)	<.0001	1.3 (2.3)	.768	13.9 (12.7)	<.0001
THA	8.9 (9.5)		1.3 (1.9)		7.6 (8.7)
Anxiety
Yes	12.9 (12.4)	.6859	1.5 (2.3)	.1422	11.4 (12.8)	.8434
No	12.4 (12.2)		1.2 (2.1)		11.2 (11.5)
Depression
Yes	12.5 (11.8)	.9532	1.3 (1.9)	.9447	11.2 (11.2)	.9596
No	12.5 (12.7)		1.3 (2.2)		11.2 (11.9)
Diabetes
Yes	13.5 (14.4)	.205	1.5 (2.3)	.1622	12.1 (13.6)	.269
No	12.2 (11.9)		1.2 (2.1)		10.9 (11.2)
RA
Yes	11.6 (10.6)	.5955	1.7 (1.8)	.1514	10.0 (9.6)	.4074
No	12.5 (12.5)		1.3 (2.1)		11.3 (11.7)

Clinical variable	β coefficient	P-value	β coefficient	P-value	β coefficient	P-value
Age	0.077	.005	0.002	.697	0.075	.0034
BMI	0	.9721	0	.4555	0	.862
CCI	−0.159	.278	−0.006	.826	−0.154	.264