Figure 2: Indirect Effects of WASH and Nutrition interventions on caregiver-reported antibiotic use.

Natural indirect effects and 95% confidence intervals of WASH and nutrition interventions on caregiver-reports of any antibiotic use in the past month (total effect = 5.5 percentage points reduction, 95% CI 1.2, 9.9).Diarrhea, ARI, ARI with Fever, and Fever are all reported by a caregiver under a 7-day lookback period at 14 and 28 months. Any Enteric Virus is the presence of adenovirus 40/41, norovirus GI, norovirus GII, sapovirus, rotavirus, or astrovirus in stool collected at 14 months, and Any Enteric Virus with Diarrhea is the presence of any enteric virus with caregiver reported diarrhea in the prior 7 days at 14 months.