Table 2.

Comprehensive evidence to identify drug targets in acne.

	Incident acne
Protein	Cohort analyse		Genetic analyse			Expression	Drug Development
	HR (95%CI)	p-value/FDR	TSMR		SMR	ScRNA-seq & serum protein	Drug Name	Outcomes	Actions	Trial Phase
			OR (95%CI)	p-value
ANXA5	1.32 [1.12;1.56]	8.76e-06/0.00257	2.20 [1.32;3.65]	0.00233	√	√	/	/	/	/
FSTL1	1.24 [1.02;1.52]	2.93e-06/0.00171	1.53 [1.09;2.15]	0.01464	√	√	/	/	/	/

HR was adjusted by BMI (kilograms per square metre, continuous), age (sequential), sex (male or female), Townsend Deprivation Index (continuous), average annual household gross income (<£18,000, £18,000- £30,999, £31,000- £51,999, £52,000- £100,000, >£100,000, And “not known” or missing), education (CSEs or equivalent, A levels/AS levels or equivalent, College or University degree, NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent, O levels/GCSEs or equivalent, professional qualifications, and None of the above), the season of blood collection, smoking status (current, previous or never), alcohol consumption (daily, month to week or never), physical activity (met-minutes per week, Consecutive).

HR, hard ratio; CI, confidence interval.